def utf8 message
  
  return nil unless message
  message.force_encoding("utf-8")
  
  detect = CharlockHolmes::EncodingDetector.detect(message)
  return message if detect[:type] == :binary
  
  return message if message.valid_encoding?
  
  if detect[:encoding]
    message.force_encoding(detect[:encoding])
    message.encode!("utf-8", detect[:encoding], undef: :replace, replace: "", invalid: :replace)
  end
  
  message.valid_encoding? ? message : raise
rescue
  encoding = detect ? detect[:encoding] : "unknown"
  "--broken encoding: #{encoding}"
end