[icse2018] OSS format

Melissa Wen
1 parent c2056b9d
Showing 7 changed files with 4283 additions and 297 deletions Show diff stats
icse2018/bibliography.bib
icse2018/llncs.cls
icse2018/llncs.tex
icse2018/llncsdoc.sty
icse2018/spb-icse-seip.bib
icse2018/spb-icse-seip.tex
icse2018/splncs03.bst
@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@
-@article{agileSoftwareDevelopment,
-  title={Agile software development: The business of innovation},
-  author={Highsmith, Jim and Cockburn, Alistair},
-  journal={Computer},
-  volume={34},
-  number={9},
-  pages={120--127},
-  year={2001},
-  publisher={IEEE}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{onTheProductivityOfAgile,
-  title={On the productivity of agile software practices: An industrial case study},
-  author={Maurer, Frank and Martel, Sebastien},
-  booktitle={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Global Software Development},
-  year={2002}
-}
-
-@article{mcilroy1968software,
-  title={Software Engineering: Report on a conference sponsored by the NATO Science Committee},
-  author={McIlroy, MD},
-  year={1968},
-  publisher={NATO Scientific Affairs Division}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{anAnalysisOfTrends,
-  title={An analysis of trends in productivity and cost drivers over years},
-  author={Nguyen, Vu and Huang, LiGuo and Boehm, Barry},
-  booktitle={Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering},
-  pages={3},
-  year={2011},
-  organization={ACM}
-}
-
-@article{comparisonAgileTraditional,
-  title={A comparison between agile and traditional software development methodologies},
-  author={Awad, MA},
-  journal={University of Western Australia},
-  year={2005}
-}
-
-@article{theNewMethodology,
-  title={The new methodology},
-  author={Fowler, Martin},
-  journal={Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences},
-  volume={6},
-  number={1},
-  pages={12--24},
-  year={2001},
-  publisher={Springer}
-}
-
-@article{peopleFactor,
-  title={Agile software development, the people factor},
-  author={Cockburn, Alistair and Highsmith, Jim},
-  journal={Computer},
-  volume={34},
-  number={11},
-  pages={131--133},
-  year={2001},
-  publisher={IEEE}
-}
-
-@book{agileSoftwareDevelopmentEco,
-  title={Agile software development ecosystems},
-  author={Highsmith, James A},
-  volume={13},
-  year={2002},
-  publisher={Addison-Wesley Professional}
-}
-
-@article{challengesOfMigrating,
-  title={Challenges of migrating to agile methodologies},
-  author={Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
-  journal={Communications of the ACM},
-  volume={48},
-  number={5},
-  pages={72--78},
-  year={2005},
-  publisher={ACM}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{impactOfOrganizationalCulture,
-  title={The impact of organizational culture on agile method use},
-  author={Strode, Diane E and Huff, Sid L and Tretiakov, Alexei},
-  booktitle={System Sciences, 2009. HICSS'09. 42nd Hawaii International Conference on},
-  pages={1--9},
-  year={2009},
-  organization={IEEE}
-}
-
-@incollection{layeredApproach,
-  title={The structure of the “THE” multiprogramming system},
-  author={Dijkstra, Edsger W},
-  booktitle={The origin of concurrent programming},
-  pages={139--152},
-  year={1968},
-  publisher={Springer}
-}
-
-% Remover??
-
-@article{anthopoulos2016government,
-  title={Why e-government projects fail? An analysis of the Healthcare. gov website},
-  author={Anthopoulos, Leonidas and Reddick, Christopher G and Giannakidou, Irene and Mavridis, Nikolaos},
-  journal={Government Information Quarterly},
-  volume={33},
-  number={1},
-  pages={161--173},
-  year={2016},
-  publisher={Elsevier}
-}
-
-@article{goldfinch2007pessimism,
-  ISSN={00333352, 15406210},
-  URL={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4624644},
-  abstract={The majority of information systems developments are unsuccessful. The larger the development, the more likely it will be unsuccessful. Despite the persistence of this problem for decades and the expenditure of vast sums of money, computer failure has received surprisingly little attention in the public administration literature. This article outlines the problems of enthusiasm and the problems of control, as well as the overwhelming complexity, that make the failure of large developments almost inevitable. Rather than the positive view found in much of the public administration literature, the author suggests a pessimism when it comes to information systems development. Aims for information technology should be modest ones, and in many cases, the risks, uncertainties, and probability of failure mean that new investments in technology are not justified. The author argues for a public official as a recalcitrant, suspicious, and skeptical adopter of IT.},
-  author={Shaun Goldfinch},
-  journal={Public Administration Review},
-  number={5},
-  pages={917-929},
-  publisher={[American Society for Public Administration, Wiley]},
-  title={Pessimism, Computer Failure, and Information Systems Development in the Public Sector},
-  volume={67},
-  year={2007}
-}
-
-@article{dybaa2008empirical,
-  title={Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review},
-  author={Dyb{\aa}, Tore and Dings{\o}yr, Torgeir},
-  journal={Information and software technology},
-  volume={50},
-  number={9},
-  pages={833--859},
-  year={2008},
-  publisher={Elsevier}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{de2016using,
-  title={Using scrum in outsourced government projects: An action research},
-  author={de Sousa, Thatiany Lima and Venson, Elaine and da Costa Figueiredo, Rejane Maria and Kosloski, Ricardo Ajax and Junior, Luiz Carlos Miyadaira Ribeiro},
-  booktitle={System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on},
-  pages={5447--5456},
-  year={2016},
-  organization={IEEE}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{melo2010adoccao,
-  title={Ado{\c{c}}{\~a}o de m{\'e}todos {\'a}geis em uma Institui{\c{c}}{\~a}o P{\'u}blica de grande porte-um estudo de caso},
-  author={Melo, Claudia de O and Ferreira, Gisele RM},
-  booktitle={Workshop Brasileiro de M{\'e}todos {\'A}geis (Agile Brasil 2010). Centro de Eventos da PUCRS (CEPUC), Porto Alegre},
-  year={2010}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{alleman2003making,
-  title={Making agile development work in a government contracting environment-measuring velocity with earned value},
-  author={Alleman, Glen B and Henderson, Michael and Seggelke, Ray},
-  booktitle={Agile Development Conference, 2003. ADC 2003. Proceedings of the},
-  pages={114--119},
-  year={2003},
-  organization={IEEE}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{anderson2005stretching,
-  title={Stretching agile to fit CMMI level 3-the story of creating MSF for CMMI/spl reg/process improvement at Microsoft corporation},
-  author={Anderson, David J},
-  booktitle={Agile Conference, 2005. Proceedings},
-  pages={193--201},
-  year={2005},
-  organization={IEEE}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{sandberg2017iacollaboration,
- author = {Sandberg, Anna B\"{o}rjesson and Crnkovic, Ivica},
- title = {Meeting Industry: Academia Research Collaboration Challenges with Agile Methodologies},
- booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice Track},
- series = {ICSE-SEIP '17},
- year = {2017},
- isbn = {978-1-5386-2717-4},
- location = {Buenos Aires, Argentina},
- pages = {73--82},
- numpages = {10},
- url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
- doi = {10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
- acmid = {3103122},
- publisher = {IEEE Press},
- address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
- keywords = {agile methodologies, case study, collaboration, industry-academia research}
-}
-
-@inproceedings{meirelles2017spb,
- author = {Meirelles, Paulo and Wen, Melissa and Terceiro, Antonio and Siqueira, Rodrigo and Kanashiro, Lucas and Neri, Hilmer},
- title = {Brazilian Public Software Portal: An Integrated Platform for Collaborative Development},
- booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
- series = {OpenSym '17},
- year = {2017},
- isbn = {978-1-4503-5187-4},
- location = {Galway, Ireland},
- pages = {16:1--16:10},
- articleno = {16},
- numpages = {10},
- url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3125433.3125471},
- doi = {10.1145/3125433.3125471},
- acmid = {3125471},
- publisher = {ACM},
- address = {New York, NY, USA},
- keywords = {Free Software, Management Team, Software Integration}
-}
-
-@article{nerur2015challenges,
- author = {Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
- title = {Challenges of Migrating to Agile Methodologies},
- journal = {Commun. ACM},
- issue_date = {May 2005},
- volume = {48},
- number = {5},
- month = may,
- year = {2005},
- issn = {0001-0782},
- pages = {72--78},
- numpages = {7},
- url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060710.1060712},
- doi = {10.1145/1060710.1060712},
- acmid = {1060712},
- publisher = {ACM},
- address = {New York, NY, USA},
-} 
-
-@article{cho2011gap,
-author = {Chookittikul, Wajee and Kourik, Janet and E. Maher, Peter},
-year = {2011},
-month = {04},
-pages = {239-244},
-title = {Reducing the Gap between Academia and Industry: The Case for Agile Methods in Thailand},
-booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2011 Eighth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations}
-}
-
@@ -0,0 +1,1208 @@
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+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+
+\let\footnotesize\small
+
+\if@custvec
+\def\vec#1{\mathchoice{\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+{\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}
+\fi
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}
+
+\def\getsto{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip
+\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets
+\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets
+\cr\to\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+\gets\cr\to\cr}}}}}
+\def\lid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+<\cr
+\noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}}
+\def\gid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr
+\noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}}
+\def\grole{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip
+\halign{\hfil
+$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.8pt}<\cr}}}
+{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr
+>\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.3pt}<\cr}}}}}
+\def\bbbr{{\rm I\!R}} %reelle Zahlen
+\def\bbbm{{\rm I\!M}}
+\def\bbbn{{\rm I\!N}} %natuerliche Zahlen
+\def\bbbf{{\rm I\!F}}
+\def\bbbh{{\rm I\!H}}
+\def\bbbk{{\rm I\!K}}
+\def\bbbp{{\rm I\!P}}
+\def\bbbone{{\mathchoice {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l}
+{\rm 1\mskip-4.5mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-5mu l}}}
+\def\bbbc{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbq{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm
+Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise
+0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbt{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm
+T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbs{{\mathchoice
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle     \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle        \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle      \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.5\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}
+{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox
+to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}
+\def\bbbz{{\mathchoice {\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptstyle Z\kern-0.3em Z$}}
+{\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptscriptstyle Z\kern-0.2em Z$}}}}
+
+\let\ts\,
+
+\setlength\leftmargini  {17\p@}
+\setlength\leftmargin    {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginii  {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {\leftmargini}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv  {\leftmargini}
+\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
+\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+            \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+            \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+            \itemsep0\p@}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+              \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+              \topsep    0\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+              \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+              \topsep    0\p@ \@plus\p@\@minus\p@
+              \parsep    \z@
+              \partopsep \p@ \@plus\z@ \@minus\p@}
+
+\renewcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\renewcommand\labelitemii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@}
+
+\def\tableofcontents{\chapter*{\contentsname\@mkboth{{\contentsname}}%
+                                                    {{\contentsname}}}
+ \def\authcount##1{\setcounter{auco}{##1}\setcounter{@auth}{1}}
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{auco}=2\relax
+                 \unskip{} \andname\
+              \else
+                 \unskip \lastandname\
+              \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax
+          \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{auco}%
+             \lastand
+          \else
+             \unskip,
+          \fi}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+
+\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}%
+   \addvspace{2em plus\p@}%  % space above part line
+   \begingroup
+     \parindent \z@
+     \rightskip \z@ plus 5em
+     \hrule\vskip5pt
+     \large               % same size as for a contribution heading
+     \bfseries\boldmath   % set line in boldface
+     \leavevmode          % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
+     #1\par
+     \vskip5pt
+     \hrule
+     \vskip1pt
+     \nobreak             % Never break after part entry
+   \endgroup}
+
+\def\@dotsep{2}
+
+\let\phantomsection=\relax
+
+\def\hyperhrefextend{\ifx\hyper@anchor\@undefined\else
+{}\fi}
+
+\def\addnumcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{\protect\numberline
+                     {\thechapter}#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}%
+\def\addcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}%
+\def\addcontentsmarkwop#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{0}\hyperhrefextend}}%
+
+\def\@adcmk[#1]{\ifcase #1 \or
+\def\@gtempa{\addnumcontentsmark}%
+  \or    \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmark}%
+  \or    \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmarkwop}%
+  \fi\@gtempa{toc}{chapter}%
+}
+\def\addtocmark{%
+\phantomsection
+\@ifnextchar[{\@adcmk}{\@adcmk[3]}%
+}
+
+\def\l@chapter#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm
+ \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath#1}\ifx0#2\hfil\null
+ \else
+      \nobreak
+      \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+      \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+      \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \fi\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\def\l@title#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \addvspace{8pt plus 1pt}
+ \@tempdima \z@
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm
+ \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ #1\nobreak
+ \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+ \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+ \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\def\l@author#1#2{\addpenalty{\@highpenalty}
+ \@tempdima=15\p@ %\z@
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima %\hskip -\leftskip
+ \textit{#1}\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{0}
+\newdimen\tocchpnum
+\newdimen\tocsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocparanum
+\newdimen\tocparatotal
+\newdimen\tocsubparanum
+\tocchpnum=\z@            % no chapter numbers
+\tocsecnum=15\p@          % section 88. plus 2.222pt
+\tocsubsecnum=23\p@       % subsection 88.8 plus 2.222pt
+\tocsubsubsecnum=27\p@    % subsubsection 88.8.8 plus 1.444pt
+\tocparanum=35\p@         % paragraph 88.8.8.8 plus 1.666pt
+\tocsubparanum=43\p@      % subparagraph 88.8.8.8.8 plus 1.888pt
+\def\calctocindent{%
+\tocsectotal=\tocchpnum
+\advance\tocsectotal by\tocsecnum
+\tocsubsectotal=\tocsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsectotal by\tocsubsecnum
+\tocsubsubsectotal=\tocsubsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsubsectotal by\tocsubsubsecnum
+\tocparatotal=\tocsubsubsectotal
+\advance\tocparatotal by\tocparanum}
+\calctocindent
+
+\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{\tocchpnum}{\tocsecnum}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{\tocsectotal}{\tocsubsecnum}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{\tocsubsectotal}{\tocsubsubsecnum}}
+\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{\tocsubsubsectotal}{\tocparanum}}
+\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{\tocparatotal}{\tocsubparanum}}
+
+\def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+ \fi\section*{\listfigurename\@mkboth{{\listfigurename}}{{\listfigurename}}}
+ \@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{0em}{1.5em}}
+
+\def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+ \fi\section*{\listtablename\@mkboth{{\listtablename}}{{\listtablename}}}
+ \@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+
+\renewcommand\listoffigures{%
+    \section*{\listfigurename
+      \@mkboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lof}%
+    }
+
+\renewcommand\listoftables{%
+    \section*{\listtablename
+      \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lot}%
+    }
+
+\ifx\oribibl\undefined
+\ifx\citeauthoryear\undefined
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+     {\section*{\refname}
+      \def\@biblabel##1{##1.}
+      \small
+      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+            \leftmargin\labelwidth
+            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+            \if@openbib
+              \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+              \itemindent -\bibindent
+              \listparindent \itemindent
+              \parsep \z@
+            \fi
+            \usecounter{enumiv}%
+            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+      \if@openbib
+        \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%
+      \else
+        \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+      \fi
+      \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+      \sfcode`\.=\@m}
+     {\def\@noitemerr
+       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+      \endlist}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+     {\let\protect\noexpand\immediate
+     \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+  \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+    {\@ifundefined
+       {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+        ?}\@warning
+       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+    {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+     \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+       \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+     \else
+      \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+      \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+      \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+      \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+               \@citea\def\@citea{,\,\hskip\z@skip}%
+               \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+               {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else
+                \def\@citea{--}\fi
+      \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+\else
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+     {\section*{\refname}
+      \small
+      \list{}%
+           {\settowidth\labelwidth{}%
+            \leftmargin\parindent
+            \itemindent=-\parindent
+            \labelsep=\z@
+            \if@openbib
+              \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+              \itemindent -\bibindent
+              \listparindent \itemindent
+              \parsep \z@
+            \fi
+            \usecounter{enumiv}%
+            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+            \renewcommand\theenumiv{}}%
+      \if@openbib
+        \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%
+      \else
+        \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+      \fi
+      \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+      \sfcode`\.=\@m}
+     {\def\@noitemerr
+       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+      \endlist}
+      \def\@cite#1{#1}%
+      \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[]\if@filesw
+        {\def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate
+      \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+   \fi
+\else
+\@cons\@openbib@code{\noexpand\small}
+\fi
+
+\def\idxquad{\hskip 10\p@}% space that divides entry from number
+
+\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 10\p@}
+
+\def\subitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\enspace}% second order
+                \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% index entry
+
+\def\subsubitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\enspace}% third
+                \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% order index entry
+
+\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ plus5\p@ minus3\p@\relax}
+
+\renewenvironment{theindex}
+               {\@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+                \thispagestyle{empty}\parindent\z@
+                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+                \let\item\par
+                \def\,{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip
+                             \else\hskip0.2em\ignorespaces\fi}%
+                \normalfont\small
+                \begin{multicols}{2}[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
+                }
+                {\end{multicols}}
+
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+  \kern-3\p@
+  \hrule\@width 2truecm
+  \kern2.6\p@}
+  \newdimen\fnindent
+  \fnindent1em
+\long\def\@makefntext#1{%
+    \parindent \fnindent%
+    \leftskip \fnindent%
+    \noindent
+    \llap{\hb@xt@1em{\hss\@makefnmark\ }}\ignorespaces#1}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \small
+  \vskip\abovecaptionskip
+  \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bfseries #1.} #2}%
+  \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+    {\bfseries #1.} #2\par
+  \else
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+  \fi
+  \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+
+\def\fps@figure{htbp}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename\thinspace\thefigure}
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+        \reset@font
+        \small
+        \@setnobreak
+        \@setminipage
+}
+\def\fps@table{htbp}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\renewenvironment{table}
+               {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%
+                \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%
+                \@float{table}}
+               {\end@float}
+\renewenvironment{table*}
+               {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%
+                \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%
+                \@dblfloat{table}}
+               {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+  ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+  the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+  \endgroup}
+
+% LaTeX does not provide a command to enter the authors institute
+% addresses. The \institute command is defined here.
+
+\newcounter{@inst}
+\newcounter{@auth}
+\newcounter{auco}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newtoks\tocauthor
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\newtoks\toctitle
+
+\def\clearheadinfo{\gdef\@author{No Author Given}%
+                   \gdef\@title{No Title Given}%
+                   \gdef\@subtitle{}%
+                   \gdef\@institute{No Institute Given}%
+                   \gdef\@thanks{}%
+                   \global\titlerunning={}\global\authorrunning={}%
+                   \global\toctitle={}\global\tocauthor={}}
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parskip=\z@
+ \parindent=\z@
+ \setcounter{@inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{@inst}%
+ \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}%
+ \ifnum\c@@inst=1\relax
+   \gdef\fnnstart{0}%
+ \else
+   \xdef\fnnstart{\c@@inst}%
+   \setcounter{@inst}{1}%
+   \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or
+   {\star\star\star}\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+   \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+   \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+\def\email#1{{\tt#1}}
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{url}{\def\url#1{#1}}{}%
+\@ifpackageloaded{babel}{%
+\@ifundefined{extrasenglish}{}{\addto\extrasenglish{\switcht@albion}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasfrenchb}{}{\addto\extrasfrenchb{\switcht@francais}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasgerman}{}{\addto\extrasgerman{\switcht@deutsch}}%
+\@ifundefined{extrasngerman}{}{\addto\extrasngerman{\switcht@deutsch}}%
+}{\switcht@@therlang}%
+\providecommand{\keywords}[1]{\par\addvspace\baselineskip
+\noindent\keywordname\enspace\ignorespaces#1}%
+}
+\def\homedir{\~{ }}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\clearheadinfo
+%
+%%% to avoid hyperref warnings
+\providecommand*{\toclevel@author}{999}
+%%% to make title-entry parent of section-entries
+\providecommand*{\toclevel@title}{0}
+%
+\renewcommand\maketitle{\newpage
+\phantomsection
+  \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+  \stepcounter{section}%
+  \setcounter{section}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{figure}{0}
+  \setcounter{table}{0}
+  \setcounter{equation}{0}
+  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \begingroup
+    \parindent=\z@
+    \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+        \@maketitle
+      \else
+        \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \newpage
+      \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+      \@maketitle
+    \fi
+    \thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks
+%
+    \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+    \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+    \instindent=\hsize
+    \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+    \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\@title}\else
+       \addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\the\toctitle}\fi
+    \if@runhead
+       \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+         \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+       \fi
+       \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%
+       \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+          \typeout{Title too long for running head. Please supply}%
+          \typeout{a shorter form with \string\titlerunning\space prior to
+                   \string\maketitle}%
+          \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+          Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+       \fi
+       \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+    \fi
+%
+    \if!\the\tocauthor!\relax
+      {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+      \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\@author}}%
+    \else
+      \def\\{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\newline}%
+      \protected@xdef\scratch{\the\tocauthor}%
+      \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\scratch}%
+    \fi
+    \addtocontents{toc}{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\authcount{\the\c@auco}}%
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{author}{\toc@uthor}%
+    \if@runhead
+       \if!\the\authorrunning!
+         \value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+         \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+       \else
+         \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+       \fi
+       \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\@author\unskip}%
+       \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+          \typeout{Names of authors too long for running head. Please supply}%
+          \typeout{a shorter form with \string\authorrunning\space prior to
+                   \string\maketitle}%
+          \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+          Authors Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+       \fi
+       \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+       \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+     \fi
+  \endgroup
+  \setcounter{footnote}{\fnnstart}%
+  \clearheadinfo}
+%
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \markboth{}{}%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{@inst}=2\relax
+                 \unskip{} \andname\
+              \else
+                 \unskip \lastandname\
+              \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax
+          \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{@inst}%
+             \lastand
+          \else
+             \unskip,
+          \fi}%
+ \begin{center}%
+ \let\newline\\
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+  \pretolerance=10000
+  \@title \par}\vskip .8cm
+\if!\@subtitle!\else {\large \bfseries\boldmath
+  \vskip -.65cm
+  \pretolerance=10000
+  \@subtitle \par}\vskip .8cm\fi
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{@auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \global\value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+ \global\value{auco}=\value{@auth}%
+ \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+{\lineskip .5em
+\noindent\ignorespaces
+\@author\vskip.35cm}
+ {\small\institutename}
+ \end{center}%
+ }
+
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+%     \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or  \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or  \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+  \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+     \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+   \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+                              \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\@definecounter{#1}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+   \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+   \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+                               \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+  \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+  {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+  {\newaliascnt{#1}{#2}%
+  \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+  \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+  \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+                    \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+       the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+                 \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+   {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+    \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+    \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+       {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+                           \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+   \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+   \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+   \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+   \if@envcntreset
+      \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+   \else
+      \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+   \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+   \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+   \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+      \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+   \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+      \if@envcntreset
+         \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+                                   \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+      \else
+         \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+                                   \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}}%
+      \fi
+   \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \let\@tempd\@elt
+    \def\@elt##1{%
+        \def\@tempb{##1}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+            \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+        \fi}%
+    \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+    \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+    \@tempc
+    \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\theopargself{\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+                  \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+      \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}
+      }
+
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{%
+      \list{}{\advance\topsep by0.35cm\relax\small
+      \leftmargin=1cm
+      \labelwidth=\z@
+      \listparindent=\z@
+      \itemindent\listparindent
+      \rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[\hskip\labelsep
+                                    \bfseries\abstractname]}
+    {\endlist}
+
+\newdimen\headlineindent             % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm              % number and text of headings.
+
+\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+   \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+   \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+                  \leftmark\hfil}
+   \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\rightmark\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+                 \llap{\thepage}}
+   \def\chaptermark##1{}%
+   \def\sectionmark##1{}%
+   \def\subsectionmark##1{}}
+
+\def\ps@titlepage{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+   \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+   \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+                  \hfil}
+   \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+                 \llap{\thepage}}
+   \def\chaptermark##1{}%
+   \def\sectionmark##1{}%
+   \def\subsectionmark##1{}}
+
+\if@runhead\ps@headings\else
+\ps@empty\fi
+
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@}
+
+\endinput
+%end of file llncs.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1256 @@
+% This is LLNCS.DOC the documentation file of
+% the LaTeX2e class from Springer-Verlag
+% for Lecture Notes in Computer Science, version 2.4
+\documentclass{llncs}
+\usepackage{llncsdoc}
+%
+\begin{document}
+\markboth{\LaTeXe{} Class for Lecture Notes in Computer
+Science}{\LaTeXe{} Class for Lecture Notes in Computer Science}
+\thispagestyle{empty}
+\begin{flushleft}
+\LARGE\bfseries Instructions for Authors\\
+Coding with \LaTeX\\[2cm]
+\end{flushleft}
+\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
+\vspace{2pt}
+\begin{flushright}
+\Huge
+\begin{tabular}{@{}l}
+\LaTeXe{} Class\\
+for Lecture Notes\\
+in Computer Science\\[6pt]
+{\Large Version 2.4}
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushright}
+\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
+\vfill
+%\begin{flushleft}
+%\large\itshape
+%\begin{tabular}{@{}l}
+%{\Large\upshape\bfseries Springer}\\[8pt]
+%Berlin\enspace Heidelberg\enspace New\kern0.1em York\\[5pt]
+%Barcelona\enspace Budapest\enspace Hong\kern0.2em Kong\\[5pt]
+%London\enspace Milan\enspace Paris\enspace\\[5pt]
+%Santa\kern0.2em Clara\enspace Singapore\enspace Tokyo
+%\end{tabular}
+%\end{flushleft}
+\newpage
+%
+\section*{For further information please contact us:}
+%
+\begin{flushleft}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad}l@{\hspace{3mm}}l@{\qquad}l}
+$\bullet$&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{\bfseries LNCS Editorial Office}\\[1mm]
+&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{Springer-Verlag}\\
+&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{Computer Science Editorial}\\
+&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{Tiergartenstraße 17}\\
+&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{69121 Heidelberg}\\
+&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{Germany}\\[0.5mm]
+ & Tel:       & +49-6221-487-8706\\
+ & Fax:       & +49-6221-487-8588\\
+ & e-mail:    & \tt lncs@springer.com    & for editorial questions\\
+ &            & \tt texhelp@springer.de & for \TeX{} problems\\[2mm]
+\noalign{\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}}
+\noalign{\vskip2mm}
+%
+%{\tt svserv@vax.ntp.springer.de}\hfil first try the \verb|help|
+%command.
+%
+$\bullet$&\multicolumn{3}{@{}l}{\bfseries We are also reachable through the world wide web:}\\[1mm]
+         &\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\texttt{http://www.springer.com}}&Springer Global Website\\
+         &\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\texttt{http://www.springer.com/lncs}}&LNCS home page\\
+         &\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\texttt{http://www.springerlink.com}}&data repository\\
+         &\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\texttt{ftp://ftp.springer.de}}&FTP server
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushleft}
+
+
+%
+\newpage
+\tableofcontents
+\newpage
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+%
+Authors wishing to code their contribution
+with \LaTeX{}, as well as those who have already coded with \LaTeX{},
+will be provided with a document class that will give the text the
+desired layout. Authors are requested to
+adhere strictly to these instructions; {\em the class
+file must not be changed}.
+
+The text output area is automatically set within an area of
+12.2\,cm horizontally  and 19.3\,cm vertically.
+
+If you are already familiar with \LaTeX{}, then the
+LLNCS class should not give you any major difficulties.
+It will change the layout to the required LLNCS style
+(it will for instance define the layout of \verb|\section|).
+We had to invent some extra commands,
+which are not provided by \LaTeX{} (e.g.\
+\verb|\institute|, see also Sect.\,\ref{contbegin})
+
+For the main body of the paper (the text) you
+should use the commands of the standard \LaTeX{} ``article'' class.
+Even if you are familiar with those commands, we urge you to read
+this entire documentation thoroughly. It contains many suggestions on
+how to use our commands properly; thus your paper
+will be formatted exactly to LLNCS standard.
+For the input of the references at the end of your contribution,
+please follow our instructions given in Sect.\,\ref{refer} References.
+
+The majority of these hints are not specific for LLNCS; they may improve
+your use of \LaTeX{} in general.
+Furthermore, the documentation provides suggestions about the proper
+editing and use
+of the input files (capitalization, abbreviation etc.) (see
+Sect.\,\ref{refedit} How to Edit Your Input File).
+%
+\section{How to Proceed}
+%
+The package consists of the following files:
+\begin{flushleft}
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{2.5cm}l}
+{\tt history.txt}& the version history of the package\\[2pt]
+{\tt llncs.cls}  & class file for \LaTeX{}\\[2pt]
+{\tt llncs.dem}  & an example showing how to code the text\\[2pt]
+{\tt llncs.doc}  & general instructions (source of this document),\\
+        & {\tt llncs.doc} means {\itshape l\/}atex {\itshape doc\/}umentation for\\
+        & {\itshape L\/}ecture {\itshape N}otes in {\itshape C\/}omputer {\itshape S\/}cience\\
+{\tt llncsdoc.pdf}& the documentation of the class (PDF version),\\
+{\tt llncs.doc}  & general instructions (source of this document),\\
+{\tt llncsdoc.sty}  & class modifications to help for the instructions\\
+{\tt llncs.ind} & an external (faked) author index file\\
+{\tt subjidx.ind} & subject index demo from the Springer book package\\
+{\tt llncs.dvi}    & the resultig DVI file (remember to use binary transfer!)\\[2pt]
+{\tt sprmindx.sty} & supplementary style file for MakeIndex\\
+                   & (usage: {\tt makeindex -s sprmindx.sty <yourfile.idx>})
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushleft}
+%
+\subsection{How to Invoke the LLNCS Document Class}
+%
+The LLNCS class is an extension of the standard \LaTeX{} ``article''
+document class. Therefore you may use all ``article'' commands for the
+body of your contribution to prepare your manuscript.
+LLNCS class is invoked by replacing ``article'' by ``llncs'' in the
+first line of your document:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\documentclass{llncs}
+%
+\begin{document}
+  <Your contribution>
+\end{document}
+\end{verbatim}
+%
+\subsection{Contributions Already Coded with \protect\LaTeX{} without
+the LLNCS document class}
+%
+If your file is already coded with \LaTeX{} you can easily
+adapt it a posteriori to the LLNCS document class.
+
+Please refrain from using any \LaTeX{} or \TeX{} commands
+that affect the layout or formatting of your document (i.e. commands
+like \verb|\textheight|, \verb|\vspace|, \verb|\headsep| etc.).
+There may nevertheless be exceptional occasions on which to
+use some of them.
+
+The LLNCS document class has been carefully designed to produce the
+right layout from your \LaTeX{} input. If there is anything specific you
+would like to do and for which the style file does not provide a
+command, {\em please contact us}. Same holds for any error and bug you
+discover (there is however no reward for this -- sorry).
+%
+\section{General Rules for Coding Formulas}
+%
+With mathematical formulas you may proceed as described
+in Sect.\,3.3 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
+Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport (2nd~ed. 1994), Addison-Wesley Publishing
+Company, Inc.
+
+Equations are automatically numbered sequentially throughout your
+contribution using arabic numerals in parentheses on the right-hand
+side.
+
+When you are working in math mode everything is typeset in italics.
+Sometimes you need to insert non-mathematical elements (e.g.\
+words or phrases). Such insertions should be coded in roman
+(with \verb|\mbox|) as illustrated in the following example:
+\begin{flushleft}
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\end{flushleft}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{equation}
+  \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad
+  \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace .
+\end{equation}
+\end{verbatim}
+{\itshape Sample Output}
+\begin{equation}
+  \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad
+  \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace .
+\end{equation}
+
+If you wish to start a new paragraph immediately after a displayed
+equation, insert a blank line so as to produce the required
+indentation. If there is no new paragraph either do not insert
+a blank line or code \verb|\noindent| immediately before
+continuing the text.
+
+Please punctuate a displayed equation in the same way as other
+ordinary text but with an \verb|\enspace| before end punctuation.
+
+Note that the sizes of the parentheses or other delimiter
+symbols used in equations should ideally match the height of the
+formulas being enclosed. This is automatically taken care of by
+the following \LaTeX{} commands:\\[2mm]
+\verb|\left(| or \verb|\left[| and
+\verb|\right)| or \verb|\right]|.
+%
+\subsection{Italic and Roman Type in Math Mode}
+%
+\begin{alpherate}
+\item
+In math mode \LaTeX{} treats all letters as though they
+were mathematical or physical variables, hence they are typeset as
+characters of their own in
+italics. However, for certain components of formulas, like short texts,
+this would be incorrect and therefore coding in roman is required.
+Roman should also be used for
+subscripts and superscripts {\em in formulas\/} where these are
+merely labels and not in themselves variables,
+e.g. $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ \emph{not} $T_{eff}$,
+$T_{\mathrm K}$ \emph{not} $T_K$ (K = Kelvin),
+$m_{\mathrm e}$ \emph{not} $m_e$ (e = electron).
+However, do not code for roman
+if the sub/superscripts represent variables,
+e.g.\ $\sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{i}$.
+\item
+Please ensure that {\em physical units\/} (e.g.\ pc, erg s$^{-1}$
+K, cm$^{-3}$, W m$^{-2}$ Hz$^{-1}$, m kg s$^{-2}$ A$^{-2}$) and
+{\em abbreviations\/} such as Ord, Var, GL, SL, sgn, const.\
+are always set in roman type. To ensure
+this use the \verb|\mathrm| command: \verb|\mathrm{Hz}|.
+On p.\ 44 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
+Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport you will find the names of
+common mathe\-matical functions, such as log, sin, exp, max and sup.
+These should be coded as \verb|\log|,
+\verb|\sin|, \verb|\exp|, \verb|\max|, \verb|\sup|
+and will appear in roman automatically.
+\item
+Chemical symbols and formulas should be coded for roman,
+e.g.\ Fe not $Fe$, H$_2$O not {\em H$_2$O}.
+\item
+Familiar foreign words and phrases, e.g.\ et al.,
+a priori, in situ, brems\-strah\-lung, eigenvalues should not be
+italicized.
+\end{alpherate}
+%
+\section{How to Edit Your Input (Source) File}
+\label{refedit}
+%
+\subsection{Headings}\label{headings}
+%
+All words in headings should be capitalized except for conjunctions,
+prepositions (e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without,
+under) and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they
+appear at the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text.
+%
+\subsection{Capitalization and Non-capitalization}
+%
+\begin{alpherate}
+\item
+The following should always be capitalized:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+Headings (see preceding Sect.\,\ref{headings})
+\item
+Abbreviations and expressions
+in the text such as  Fig(s)., Table(s), Sect(s)., Chap(s).,
+Theorem, Corollary, Definition etc. when used with numbers, e.g.\
+Fig.\,3, Table\,1, Theorem 2.
+\end{itemize}
+Please follow the special rules in Sect.\,\ref{abbrev} for referring to
+equations.
+\item
+The following should {\em not\/} be capitalized:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item
+The words figure(s), table(s), equation(s), theorem(s) in the text when
+used without an accompanying number.
+\item
+Figure legends and table captions except for names and abbreviations.
+\end{itemize}
+\end{alpherate}
+%
+\subsection{Abbreviation of Words}\label{abbrev}
+%
+\begin{alpherate}
+\item
+The following {\em should} be abbreviated when they appear in running
+text {\em unless\/} they come at the beginning of a sentence: Chap.,
+Sect., Fig.; e.g.\ The results are depicted in Fig.\,5. Figure 9 reveals
+that \dots .\\
+{\em Please note\/}: Equations should usually be referred to solely by
+their number in parentheses: e.g.\ (14). However, when the reference
+comes at the beginning of a sentence, the unabbreviated word
+``Equation'' should be used: e.g.\ Equation (14) is very important.
+However, (15) makes it clear that \dots .
+\item
+If abbreviations of names or concepts are used
+throughout the text, they should be defined at first occurrence,
+e.g.\ Plurisubharmonic (PSH) Functions, Strong Optimization (SOPT)
+Problem.
+\end{alpherate}
+%
+\section{How to Code the Beginning of Your Contribution}
+\label{contbegin}
+%
+The title of a single contribution (it is mandatory) should be coded as
+follows:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\title{<Your contribution title>}
+\end{verbatim}
+All words in titles should be capitalized except for conjunctions,
+prepositions (e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without,
+under) and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they
+appear at the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text.
+Titles have no end punctuation.
+
+If a long \verb|\title| must be divided please use the code \verb|\\|
+(for new line).
+
+If you are to produce running heads for a specific volume the standard
+(of no such running heads) is overwritten with the \verb|[runningheads]|
+option in the \verb|\documentclass| line. For long titles that do not
+fit in the single line of the running head a warning is generated.
+You can specify an abbreviated title for the running head on odd pages
+with the command
+\begin{verbatim}
+\titlerunning{<Your abbreviated contribution title>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+There is also a possibility to change the text of the title that goes
+into the table of contents (that's for volume editors only -- there is
+no table of contents for a single contribution). For this use the
+command
+\begin{verbatim}
+\toctitle{<Your changed title for the table of contents>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+An optional subtitle may follow then:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\subtitle{<subtitle of your contribution>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Now the name(s) of the author(s) must be given:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\author{<author(s) name(s)>}
+\end{verbatim}
+Numbers referring to different addresses or affiliations are
+to be attached to each author with the \verb|\inst{<no>}| command.
+If there is more than one author, the order is up to you;
+the \verb|\and| command provides for the separation.
+
+If you have done this correctly, this entry now reads, for example:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} \and Roger Temam\inst{2}}
+\end{verbatim}
+The first name\footnote{Other initials are optional
+and may be inserted if this is the usual
+way of writing your name, e.g.\ Alfred J.~Holmes, E.~Henry Green.}
+is followed by the surname.
+
+As for the title there exist two additional commands (again for volume
+editors only) for a different author list. One for the running head
+(on odd pages) -- if there is any:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\authorrunning{<abbreviated author list>}
+\end{verbatim}
+And one for the table of contents where the
+affiliation of each author is simply added in braces.
+\begin{verbatim}
+\tocauthor{<enhanced author list for the table of contents>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Next the address(es) of institute(s), company etc. is (are) required.
+If there is more than one address, the entries are numbered
+automatically with \verb|\and|, in the order in which you type them.
+Please make sure that the numbers match those placed next to
+to the authors' names to reflect the affiliation.
+\begin{verbatim}
+\institute{<name of an institute>
+\and <name of the next institute>
+\and <name of the next institute>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+In addition, you can use
+\begin{verbatim}
+\email{<email address>}
+\end{verbatim}
+to provide your email address within \verb|\institute|. If you need to
+typeset the tilde character -- e.g. for your web page in your unix
+system's home directory -- the \verb|\homedir| command will happily do
+this. Please note that, if your email address is given in your paper,
+it will also be included in the meta data of the online version.
+\enlargethispage*{6mm}
+
+\medskip
+If footnote like things are needed anywhere in the contribution heading
+please code
+(immediately after the word where the footnote indicator should be
+placed):
+\begin{verbatim}
+\thanks{<text>}
+\end{verbatim}
+\verb|\thanks| may only appear in \verb|\title|, \verb|\author|
+and \verb|\institute| to footnote anything. If there are two or more
+footnotes or affiliation marks to a specific item separate them with
+\verb|\fnmsep| (i.e. {\itshape f}oot\emph note \emph mark
+\emph{sep}arator).
+
+\medskip\noindent
+The command
+\begin{verbatim}
+\maketitle
+\end{verbatim}
+then formats the complete heading of your article. If you leave
+it out the work done so far will produce \emph{no} text.
+
+Then the abstract should follow. Simply code
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{abstract}
+<Text of the summary of your article>
+\end{abstract}
+\end{verbatim}
+or refer to the demonstration file {\tt llncs.dem} for an example or
+to the {\em Sample Input\/} on p.~\pageref{samppage}.
+
+\subsubsection{Remark to Running Heads and the Table of Contents}
+\leavevmode\\[\medskipamount]
+If you are the author of a single contribution you normally have no
+running heads and no table of contents. Both are done only by the editor
+of the volume or at the printers.
+%
+\section{Special Commands for the Volume Editor}
+The volume editor can produce a complete camera ready output including
+running heads, a table of contents, preliminary text (frontmatter), and
+index or glossary. For activating the running heads there is the class
+option \verb|[runningheads]|.
+
+The table of contents of the volume is printed wherever
+\verb|\tableofcontents| is placed. A simple compilation of all
+contributions (fields \verb|\title| and \verb|\author|) is done. If you
+wish to change this automatically produced list use the commands
+\begin{verbatim}
+\titlerunning  \toctitle
+\authorrunning \tocauthor
+\end{verbatim}
+to enhance the information in the specific contributions. See the
+demonstration file \verb|llncs.dem| for examples.
+
+An additional structure can be added to the table of contents with the
+\verb|\addtocmark{<text>}| command. It has an optional numerical
+argument, a digit from 1 through 3. 3 (the default) makes an unnumbered
+chapter like entry in the table of contents. If you code
+\verb|\addtocmark[2]{text}| the corresponding page number is listed
+also, \verb|\addtocmark[1]{text}| even introduces a chapter number
+beyond it.
+%
+\section{How to Code Your Text}
+%
+The contribution title and all headings should be capitalized
+except for conjunctions, prepositions (e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but,
+from, with, without, under) and definite and indefinite articles (the,
+a, an) unless they appear at the beginning. Formula letters must be
+typeset as in the text.
+
+Headings will be automatically numbered by the following codes.\\[2mm]
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\section{This is a First-Order Title}
+\subsection{This is a Second-Order Title}
+\subsubsection{This is a Third-Order Title.}
+\paragraph{This is a Fourth-Order Title.}
+\end{verbatim}
+\verb|\section| and \verb|\subsection| have no end punctuation.\\
+\verb|\subsubsection| and \verb|\paragraph|
+need to be punctuated at the end.
+
+In addition to the above-mentioned headings your text may be structured
+by subsections indicated by run-in headings (theorem-like environments).
+All the theorem-like environments are numbered automatically
+throughout the sections of your document -- each with its own counter.
+If you want the theorem-like environments to use the same counter
+just specify the documentclass option \verb|envcountsame|:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\documentclass[envcountsame]{llncs}
+\end{verbatim}
+If your first call for a theorem-like environment then is e.g.
+\verb|\begin{lemma}|, it will be numbered 1; if corollary follows,
+this will be numbered 2; if you then call lemma again, this will be
+numbered 3.
+
+But in case you want to reset such counters to 1 in each section,
+please specify the documentclass option \verb|envcountreset|:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\documentclass[envcountreset]{llncs}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Even a numbering on section level (including the section counter) is
+possible with the documentclass option \verb|envcountsect|.
+
+\section{Predefined Theorem like Environments}\label{builtintheo}
+The following variety of run-in headings are at your disposal:
+\begin{alpherate}
+\item
+{\bfseries Bold} run-in headings with italicized text
+as built-in environments:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{corollary} <text> \end{corollary}
+\begin{lemma} <text> \end{lemma}
+\begin{proposition} <text> \end{proposition}
+\begin{theorem} <text> \end{theorem}
+\end{verbatim}
+\item
+The following generally appears as {\itshape italic} run-in heading:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{proof} <text>    \qed    \end{proof}
+\end{verbatim}
+It is unnumbered and may contain an eye catching square (call for that
+with \verb|\qed|) before the environment ends.
+\item
+Further {\itshape italic} or {\bfseries bold} run-in headings with roman
+environment body may also occur:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{definition} <text> \end{definition}
+\begin{example} <text> \end{example}
+\begin{exercise} <text> \end{exercise}
+\begin{note} <text> \end{note}
+\begin{problem} <text> \end{problem}
+\begin{question} <text> \end{question}
+\begin{remark} <text> \end{remark}
+\begin{solution} <text> \end{solution}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{alpherate}
+
+\section{Defining your Own Theorem like Environments}
+We have enhanced the standard \verb|\newtheorem| command and slightly
+changed its syntax to get two new commands \verb|\spnewtheorem| and
+\verb|\spnewtheorem*| that now can be used to define additional
+environments. They require two additional arguments namely the type
+style in which the keyword of the environment appears and second the
+style for the text of your new environment.
+
+\verb|\spnewtheorem| can be used in two ways.
+\subsection{Method 1 {\itshape (preferred)}}
+You may want to create an environment that shares its counter
+with another environment, say {\em main theorem\/} to be numbered like
+the predefined {\em theorem\/}. In this case, use the syntax
+\begin{verbatim}
+\spnewtheorem{<env_nam>}[<num_like>]{<caption>}
+{<cap_font>}{<body_font>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\noindent
+Here the environment with which the new environment should share its
+counter is specified with the optional argument \verb|[<num_like>]|.
+
+\paragraph{Sample Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\spnewtheorem{mainth}[theorem]{Main Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\begin{theorem} The early bird gets the worm. \end{theorem}
+\begin{mainth} The early worm gets eaten. \end{mainth}
+\end{verbatim}
+\medskip\noindent
+{\em Sample Output}
+
+\medskip\noindent
+{\bfseries Theorem 3.}\enspace {\em The early bird gets the worm.}
+
+\medskip\noindent
+{\bfseries Main Theorem 4.} The early worm gets eaten.
+
+\bigskip
+The sharing of the default counter (\verb|[theorem]|) is desired. If you
+omit the optional second argument of \verb|\spnewtheorem| a separate
+counter for your new environment is used throughout your document.
+
+\subsection[Method 2]{Method 2 {\itshape (assumes {\tt[envcountsect]}
+documentstyle option)}}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\spnewtheorem{<env_nam>}{<caption>}[<within>]
+{<cap_font>}{<body_font>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\noindent
+This defines a new environment \verb|<env_nam>| which prints the caption
+\verb|<caption>| in the font \verb|<cap_font>| and the text itself in
+the font \verb|<body_font>|. The environment is numbered beginning anew
+with every new sectioning element you specify with the optional
+parameter \verb|<within>|.
+
+\medskip\noindent
+\paragraph{Example} \leavevmode
+
+\medskip\noindent
+\verb|\spnewtheorem{joke}{Joke}[subsection]{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}|
+
+\medskip
+\noindent defines a new environment called \verb|joke| which prints the
+caption {\bfseries Joke} in boldface and the text in roman. The jokes are
+numbered starting from 1 at the beginning of every subsection with the
+number of the subsection preceding the number of the joke e.g. 7.2.1 for
+the first joke in subsection 7.2.
+
+\subsection{Unnumbered Environments}
+If you wish to have an unnumbered environment, please
+use the syntax
+\begin{verbatim}
+\spnewtheorem*{<env_nam>}{<caption>}{<cap_font>}{<body_font>}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{Program Codes}
+In case you want to show pieces of program code, just use the
+\verb|verbatim| environment or the \verb|verbatim| package of \LaTeX.
+(There also exist various pretty printers for some programming
+languages.)
+%
+\noindent
+\subsection*{Sample Input {\rmfamily(of a simple
+contribution)}}\label{samppage}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\title{Hamiltonian Mechanics}
+
+\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} \and Roger Temam\inst{2}}
+
+\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
+\and
+Universit\'{e} de Paris-Sud,
+Laboratoire d'Analyse Num\'{e}rique, B\^{a}timent 425,\\
+F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France}
+
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+This paragraph shall summarize the contents of the paper
+in short terms.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Fixed-Period Problems: The Sublinear Case}
+%
+With this chapter, the preliminaries are over, and we begin the
+search for periodic solutions \dots
+%
+\subsection{Autonomous Systems}
+%
+In this section we will consider the case when the Hamiltonian
+$H(x)$ \dots
+%
+\subsubsection*{The General Case: Nontriviality.}
+%
+We assume that $H$ is
+$\left(A_{\infty}, B_{\infty}\right)$-subqua\-dra\-tic
+at infinity, for some constant \dots
+%
+\paragraph{Notes and Comments.}
+The first results on subharmonics were \dots
+%
+\begin{proposition}
+Assume $H'(0)=0$ and $ H(0)=0$. Set \dots
+\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}[of proposition]
+Condition (8) means that, for every $\delta'>\delta$, there is
+some $\varepsilon>0$ such that \dots \qed
+\end{proof}
+%
+\begin{example}[\rmfamily (External forcing)]
+Consider the system \dots
+\end{example}
+\begin{corollary}
+Assume $H$ is $C^{2}$ and
+$\left(a_{\infty}, b_{\infty}\right)$-subquadratic
+at infinity. Let \dots
+\end{corollary}
+\begin{lemma}
+Assume that $H$ is $C^{2}$ on $\bbbr^{2n}\backslash \{0\}$
+and that $H''(x)$ is \dots
+\end{lemma}
+\begin{theorem}[(Ghoussoub-Preiss)]
+Let $X$ be a Banach Space and $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ \dots
+\end{theorem}
+\begin{definition}
+We shall say that a $C^{1}$ function $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$
+satisfies \dots
+\end{definition}
+\end{verbatim}
+{\itshape Sample Output\/} (follows on the next page together with
+examples of the above run-in headings)
+\newcounter{save}\setcounter{save}{\value{section}}
+{\def\addtocontents#1#2{}%
+\def\addcontentsline#1#2#3{}%
+\def\markboth#1#2{}%
+%
+\title{Hamiltonian Mechanics}
+
+\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} \and Roger Temam\inst{2}}
+
+\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
+\and
+Universit\'{e} de Paris-Sud,
+Laboratoire d'Analyse Num\'{e}rique, B\^{a}timent 425,\\
+F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France}
+
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+This paragraph shall summarize the contents of the paper
+in short terms.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Fixed-Period Problems: The Sublinear Case}
+%
+With this chapter, the preliminaries are over, and we begin the search
+for periodic solutions \dots
+%
+\subsection{Autonomous Systems}
+%
+In this section we will consider the case when the Hamiltonian
+$H(x)$ \dots
+%
+\subsubsection{The General Case: Nontriviality.}
+%
+We assume that $H$ is
+$\left(A_{\infty}, B_{\infty}\right)$-subqua\-dra\-tic at
+infinity, for some constant \dots
+%
+\paragraph{Notes and Comments.}
+The first results on subharmonics were \dots
+%
+\begin{proposition}
+Assume $H'(0)=0$ and $ H(0)=0$. Set \dots
+\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof}[of proposition]
+Condition (8) means that, for every $\delta'>\delta$, there is
+some $\varepsilon>0$ such that \dots \qed
+\end{proof}
+%
+\begin{example}[{{\rmfamily External forcing}}]
+Consider the system \dots
+\end{example}
+\begin{corollary}
+Assume $H$ is $C^{2}$ and
+$\left(a_{\infty}, b_{\infty}\right)$-subquadratic
+at infinity. Let \dots
+\end{corollary}
+\begin{lemma}
+Assume that $H$ is $C^{2}$ on $\bbbr^{2n}\backslash \{0\}$
+and that $H''(x)$ is \dots
+\end{lemma}
+\begin{theorem}[Ghoussoub-Preiss]
+Let $X$ be a Banach Space and $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ \dots
+\end{theorem}
+\begin{definition}
+We shall say that a $C^{1}$ function $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ satisfies \dots
+\end{definition}
+%
+}\setcounter{section}{\value{save}}
+\section{Fine Tuning of the Text}
+%
+The following should be used to improve the readability of the text:
+\begin{flushleft}
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{.19\textwidth}p{.79\textwidth}}
+\verb|\,|   & a thin space, e.g.\ between numbers or between units
+              and num\-bers; a line division will not be made
+              following this space\\
+\verb|--|   & en dash; two strokes, without a space at either end\\
+\verb*| -- |& en dash; two strokes, with  a space at either end\\
+\verb|-|    & hyphen; one stroke, no space at either end\\
+\verb|$-$|  & minus, in the text {\em only} \\[8mm]
+{\em Input} & \verb|21\,$^{\circ}$C etc.,|\\
+            &  \verb|Dr h.\,c.\,Rockefellar-Smith \dots|\\
+            & \verb|20,000\,km and  Prof.\,Dr Mallory \dots|\\
+            & \verb|1950--1985 \dots|\\
+            & \verb|this -- written on a computer -- is now printed|\\
+            & \verb|$-30$\,K \dots|\\[3mm]
+{\em Output}& 21\,$^{\circ}$C etc., Dr h.\,c.\,Rockefellar-Smith \dots\\
+            & 20,000\,km and  Prof.\,Dr Mallory \dots\\
+            & 1950--1985 \dots\\
+            & this -- written on a computer -- is now printed\\
+            & $-30$\,K \dots
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushleft}
+%
+\section {Special Typefaces}
+%
+Normal type (roman text) need not be coded. {\itshape Italic}
+(\verb|{\em <text>}| better still \verb|\emph{<text>}|) or, if
+necessary, {\bfseries boldface} should be used for emphasis.\\[6pt]
+\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}
+\begin{flushleft}
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{.25\textwidth}@{\hskip6pt}p{.73\textwidth}@{}}
+\verb|{\itshape Text}|   & {\itshape Italicized Text}\\[2pt]
+\verb|{\em Text}|   & {\em Emphasized Text --
+   if you would like to emphasize a {\em definition} within an
+   italicized text (e.g.\ of a {\em theorem)} you should code the
+   expression to be emphasized by} \verb|\em|.\\[2pt]
+\verb|{\bfseries Text}|& {\bfseries Important Text}\\[2pt]
+\verb|\vec{Symbol}| & Vectors may only appear in math mode. The default
+   \LaTeX{} vector symbol has been adapted\footnotemark\
+ to LLNCS conventions.\\[2pt]
+ & \verb|$\vec{A \times B\cdot C}| yields $\vec{A\times B\cdot C}$\\
+ & \verb|$\vec{A}^{T} \otimes \vec{B} \otimes|\\
+ & \verb|\vec{\hat{D}}$|yields $\vec{A}^{T} \otimes \vec{B} \otimes
+\vec{\hat{D}}$
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushleft}
+\end{minipage}
+
+\footnotetext{If you absolutely must revive the original \LaTeX{}
+design of the vector symbol (as an arrow accent), please specify the
+option \texttt{[orivec]} in the \texttt{documentclass} line.}
+\newpage
+%
+\section {Footnotes}
+%
+Footnotes within the text should be coded:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\footnote{Text}
+\end{verbatim}
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\begin{flushleft}
+Text with a footnote\verb|\footnote{The |{\tt footnote is automatically
+numbered.}\verb|}| and text continues \dots
+\end{flushleft}
+{\itshape Sample Output}
+\begin{flushleft}
+Text with a footnote\footnote{The footnote is automatically numbered.}
+and text continues \dots
+\end{flushleft}
+%
+\section {Lists}
+%
+Please code lists as described below:\\[2mm]
+{\itshape Sample  Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{enumerate}
+  \item First item
+  \item Second item
+  \begin{enumerate}
+    \item First nested item
+    \item Second nested item
+  \end{enumerate}
+  \item Third item
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{verbatim}
+{\itshape Sample Output}
+ \begin{enumerate}
+\item First item
+\item Second item
+  \begin{enumerate}
+    \item First nested item
+    \item Second nested item
+  \end{enumerate}
+\item Third item
+\end{enumerate}
+%
+\section {Figures}
+%
+Figure environments should be inserted after (not in)
+the  paragraph in which the figure is first mentioned.
+They will be numbered automatically.
+
+Preferably the images should be enclosed as PostScript files -- best as
+EPS data using the epsfig package.
+
+If you cannot include them into your output this way and use other
+techniques for a separate production,
+the figures (line drawings and those containing halftone inserts
+as well as halftone figures) {\em should not be pasted into your
+laserprinter output}. They should be enclosed separately in camera-ready
+form (original artwork, glossy prints, photographs and/or slides). The
+lettering should be suitable for reproduction, and after a
+probably necessary reduction the height of capital letters should be at
+least 1.8\,mm and not more than 2.5\,mm.
+Check that lines and other details are uniformly black and
+that the lettering on figures is clearly legible.
+
+To leave the desired amount of space for the height of
+your figures, please use the coding described below.
+As can be seen in the output, we will automatically
+provide 1\,cm space above and below the figure,
+so that you should only leave the space equivalent to the size of the
+figure itself. Please note that ``\verb|x|'' in the following
+coding stands for the actual height of the figure:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{x cm}
+\caption[ ]{...text of caption...}          (Do type [ ])
+\end{figure}
+\end{verbatim}
+\begin{flushleft}
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\end{flushleft}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{2.5cm}
+\caption{This is the caption of the figure displaying a white
+eagle and a white horse on a snow field}
+\end{figure}
+\end{verbatim}
+\begin{flushleft}
+{\itshape Sample Output}
+\end{flushleft}
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{2.5cm}
+\caption{This is the caption of the figure displaying a white eagle and
+a white horse on a snow field}
+\end{figure}
+%
+\section{Tables}
+%
+Table captions should be treated
+in the same way as figure legends, except that
+the table captions appear {\itshape above} the tables. The tables
+will be numbered automatically.
+%
+\subsection{Tables Coded with \protect\LaTeX{}}
+%
+Please use the following coding:\\[2mm]
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Critical $N$ values}
+\begin{tabular}{llllll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+${\mathrm M}_\odot$ & $\beta_{0}$ & $T_{\mathrm c6}$ & $\gamma$
+  & $N_{\mathrm{crit}}^{\mathrm L}$
+  & $N_{\mathrm{crit}}^{\mathrm{Te}}$\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+ 30 & 0.82 & 38.4 & 35.7 & 154 & 320 \\
+ 60 & 0.67 & 42.1 & 34.7 & 138 & 340 \\
+120 & 0.52 & 45.1 & 34.0 & 124 & 370 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\medskip\noindent{\itshape Sample Output}
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Critical $N$ values}
+\begin{center}
+\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}
+\begin{tabular}{llllll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+${\mathrm M}_\odot$ & $\beta_{0}$ & $T_{\mathrm c6}$ & $\gamma$
+  & $N_{\mathrm{crit}}^{\mathrm L}$
+  & $N_{\mathrm{crit}}^{\mathrm{Te}}$\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+ 30 & 0.82 & 38.4 & 35.7 & 154 & 320 \\
+ 60 & 0.67 & 42.1 & 34.7 & 138 & 340 \\
+120 & 0.52 & 45.1 & 34.0 & 124 & 370 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+\end{table}
+
+Before continuing your text you need an empty line. \dots
+
+\vspace{3mm}
+For further information you will find a complete description of
+the tabular environment
+on p.~62~ff. and p.~204 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
+Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport.
+%
+\subsection{Tables Not Coded with \protect\LaTeX{}}
+%
+If you do not wish to code your table using \LaTeX{}
+but prefer to have it reproduced separately,
+proceed as for figures and use the following coding:\\[2mm]
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{table}
+\caption{text of your caption}
+\vspace{x cm}     % the actual height needed for your table
+\end{table}
+\end{verbatim}
+%
+\subsection{Signs and Characters}
+%
+\subsubsection*{Special Signs.}
+%
+You may need to use special signs.  The available ones are listed in the
+{\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport,
+pp.~41\,ff.
+We have created further symbols for math mode (enclosed in \$):
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}}
+c@{\hspace{3em}}l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}}c}
+\verb|\grole| & $\grole$ & \verb|\getsto| & $\getsto$\\
+\verb|\lid|   & $\lid$   & \verb|\gid|    & $\gid$
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+%
+\subsubsection*{Gothic (Fraktur).}
+%
+If gothic letters are {\itshape necessary}, please use those of the
+relevant \AmSTeX{} alphabet which are available using the amstex
+package of the American Mathematical Society.
+
+In \LaTeX{} only the following gothic letters are available:
+\verb|$\Re$| yields $\Re$ and \verb|$\Im$| yields $\Im$. These should
+{\itshape not\/} be used when you need gothic letters for your contribution.
+Use \AmSTeX{} gothic as explained above. For the real and the imaginary
+parts of a complex number within math mode you should use instead:
+\verb|$\mathrm{Re}$| (which yields Re) or \verb|$\mathrm{Im}$| (which
+yields Im).
+%
+\subsubsection*{Script.}
+%
+For script capitals use the coding
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}which yields\hspace{1em}}c}
+\verb|$\mathcal{AB}$| & $\mathcal{AB}$
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+(see p.~42 of  the \LaTeX{} book).
+%
+\subsubsection*{Special Roman.}
+%
+If you need other symbols than those below, you could use
+the blackboard bold characters of \AmSTeX{},  but there might arise
+capacity problems
+in loading additional \AmSTeX{} fonts. Therefore  we created
+the blackboard bold characters listed below.
+Some of them are not esthetically
+satisfactory. This need not deter you from using them:
+in the final printed form they will be
+replaced by the well-designed MT (monotype) characters of
+the phototypesetting machine.
+\begin{flushleft}
+\begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{ yields }
+c@{\hspace{1.em}}ll@{ yields }c}
+\verb|\bbbc| & (complex numbers)   & $\bbbc$
+  & \verb|\bbbf| & (blackboard bold F) & $\bbbf$\\
+\verb|\bbbh| & (blackboard bold H) & $\bbbh$
+  & \verb|\bbbk| & (blackboard bold K) & $\bbbk$\\
+\verb|\bbbm| & (blackboard bold M) & $\bbbm$
+  & \verb|\bbbn| & (natural numbers N) & $\bbbn$\\
+\verb|\bbbp| & (blackboard bold P) & $\bbbp$
+  & \verb|\bbbq| & (rational numbers)  & $\bbbq$\\
+\verb|\bbbr| & (real numbers)      & $\bbbr$
+  & \verb|\bbbs| & (blackboard bold S) & $\bbbs$\\
+\verb|\bbbt| & (blackboard bold T) & $\bbbt$
+  & \verb|\bbbz| & (whole numbers)     & $\bbbz$\\
+\verb|\bbbone| & (symbol one)      & $\bbbone$
+\end{tabular}
+\end{flushleft}
+\begin{displaymath}
+\begin{array}{c}
+\bbbc^{\bbbc^{\bbbc}} \otimes
+\bbbf_{\bbbf_{\bbbf}} \otimes
+\bbbh_{\bbbh_{\bbbh}} \otimes
+\bbbk_{\bbbk_{\bbbk}} \otimes
+\bbbm^{\bbbm^{\bbbm}} \otimes
+\bbbn_{\bbbn_{\bbbn}} \otimes
+\bbbp^{\bbbp^{\bbbp}}\\[2mm]
+\otimes
+\bbbq_{\bbbq_{\bbbq}} \otimes
+\bbbr^{\bbbr^{\bbbr}} \otimes
+\bbbs^{\bbbs_{\bbbs}} \otimes
+\bbbt^{\bbbt^{\bbbt}} \otimes
+\bbbz \otimes
+\bbbone^{\bbbone_{\bbbone}}
+\end{array}
+\end{displaymath}
+%
+\section{References}
+\label{refer}
+%
+There are three reference systems available; only one, of course,
+should be used for your contribution. With each system (by
+number only, by letter-number or by author-year) a reference list
+containing all citations in the
+text, should be included at the end of your contribution placing the
+\LaTeX{} environment \verb|thebibliography| there.
+For an overall information on that environment
+see the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
+Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport, p.~71.
+
+There is a special {\sc Bib}\TeX{} style for LLNCS that works along
+with the class: \verb|splncs.bst|
+-- call for it with a line \verb|\bibliographystyle{splncs}|.
+If you plan to use another {\sc Bib}\TeX{} style you are customed to,
+please specify the option \verb|[oribibl]| in the
+\verb|documentclass| line, like:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\documentclass[oribibl]{llncs}
+\end{verbatim}
+This will retain the original \LaTeX{} code for the bibliographic
+environment and the \verb|\cite| mechanism that many {\sc Bib}\TeX{}
+applications rely on.
+%
+\subsection{References by Letter-Number or by Number Only}
+%
+References are cited in the text -- using the \verb|\cite|
+command of \LaTeX{} -- by number or by letter-number in square
+brackets, e.g.\ [1] or [E1, S2], [P1], according to your use of the
+\verb|\bibitem| command in the \verb|thebibliography| environment. The
+coding is as follows: if you choose your own label for the sources by
+giving an optional argument to the \verb|\bibitem| command the citations
+in the text are marked with the label you supplied. Otherwise a simple
+numbering is done, which is preferred.
+\begin{verbatim}
+The results in this section are a refined version
+of \cite{clar:eke}; the minimality result of Proposition~14
+was the first of its kind.
+\end{verbatim}
+The above input produces the citation: ``\dots\ refined version of
+[CE1]; the min\-i\-mality\dots''. Then the \verb|\bibitem| entry of
+the \verb|thebibliography| environment should read:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{thebibliography}{[MT1]}
+.
+.
+\bibitem[CE1]{clar:eke}
+Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.:
+Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for
+Hamiltonian systems.
+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
+.
+.
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{verbatim}
+The complete bibliography looks like this:
+%
+\begin{thebibliography}{[MT1]}
+%
+\bibitem[CE1]{clar:eke}
+Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.:
+Nonlinear oscillations and
+boundary-value problems for Hamiltonian systems.
+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
+%
+\bibitem[CE2]{clar:eke:2}
+Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.:
+Solutions p\'{e}riodiques, du
+p\'{e}riode donn\'{e}e, des \'{e}quations hamiltoniennes.
+Note CRAS Paris 287, 1013--1015 (1978)
+%
+\bibitem[MT1]{mich:tar}
+Michalek, R., Tarantello, G.:
+Subharmonic solutions with prescribed minimal
+period for nonautonomous Hamiltonian systems.
+J. Diff. Eq. 72, 28--55 (1988)
+%
+\bibitem[Ta1]{tar}
+Tarantello, G.:
+Subharmonic solutions for Hamiltonian
+systems via a $\bbbz_{p}$ pseudoindex theory.
+Annali di Matematica Pura (to appear)
+%
+\bibitem[Ra1]{rab}
+Rabinowitz, P.:
+On subharmonic solutions of a Hamiltonian system.
+Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 33, 609--633 (1980)
+\end{thebibliography}
+%
+\subsubsection*{Number-Only System.}
+%
+For this preferred system do not use the optional argument
+in the \verb|\bibitem| command: then, only numbers will
+appear for the citations in the text (enclosed in square brackets)
+as well as for the marks in your
+bibliography (here the number is only end-punctuated without
+square brackets).
+
+Subsequent citation numbers in the text are collapsed to ranges.
+Non-numeric and undefined labels are handled correctly but no sorting is
+done.
+
+E.g., \verb|\cite{n1,n3,n2,n3,n4,n5,foo,n1,n2,n3,?,n4,n5}| -- where
+\verb|n|$x$ is the key of the $x^{\mathrm{th}}$ \verb|\bibitem|
+command in sequence, \verb|foo| is the key of a \verb|\bibitem| with an
+optional argument, and \verb|?| is an undefined reference -- gives
+1,3,2-5,foo,1-3,?,4,5 as the citation reference.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{thebibliography}{1}
+\bibitem {clar:eke}
+Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.:
+Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for
+Hamiltonian systems.
+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{verbatim}
+%
+\subsection{Author-Year System}
+%
+References are cited in the text by name and year in parentheses
+and should look as follows:
+(Smith 1970, 1980), (Ekeland et al. 1985, Theorem 2), (Jones and Jaffe
+1986; Farrow 1988, Chap.\,2). If the name is part of the sentence
+only the year may appear in parentheses,
+e.g.\ Ekeland et al. (1985, Sect.\,2.1)
+The reference list should contain all citations occurring in the text,
+ordered alphabetically by surname (with initials following). If there
+are several works by the same author(s) the references should be listed
+in the appropriate order indicated below:
+\begin{alpherate}
+\setlength{\hfuzz}{5pt}
+\item
+One author: list works chronologically;
+\item
+Author and same co-author(s): list works chronologically;
+\item
+Author and different co-authors: list works alphabetically
+according to co-authors.
+\end{alpherate}
+If there are several works by the same author(s) and in the same year,
+but which are cited separately, they should be distinguished by the use
+of ``a'', ``b'' etc., e.g.\ (Smith 1982a), (Ekeland et al. 1982b).
+%
+\subsubsection*{How to Code Author-Year System.}
+%
+If you want to use this system you have to specify the option
+\verb|[citeauthoryear]| in the \verb|documentclass|, like:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\documentclass[citeauthoryear]{llncs}
+\end{verbatim}
+Write your citations in the text explicitly except for the year, leaving
+that up to \LaTeX{} with the \verb|\cite| command. Then give only the
+appropriate year as the optional argument (i.e. the label in square
+brackets) with the \verb|\bibitem| command(s).\\[2mm]
+{\itshape Sample Input}
+\begin{verbatim}
+The results in this section are a refined version
+of Clarke and Ekeland (\cite{clar:eke}); the minimality result of
+Proposition~14 was the first of its kind.
+\end{verbatim}
+The above input produces the citation: ``\dots\ refined version of
+Clarke and Ekeland (1982); the minimality\dots''. Then the
+\verb|\bibitem| entry of \verb|clar:eke| in the \verb|thebibliography|
+environment should read:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{thebibliography}{}  % (do not forget {})
+.
+.
+\bibitem[1982]{clar:eke}
+Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.:
+Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for
+Hamiltonian systems.
+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
+.
+.
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{verbatim}
+{\itshape Sample Output}
+\bibauthoryear
+%
+\end{document}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+% This is LLNCSDOC.STY the modification of the
+% LLNCS class file for the documentation of
+% the class itself.
+%
+\def\AmS{{\protect\usefont{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n}%
+  A\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex\hbox{M}\kern-.125emS}}
+\def\AmSTeX{{\protect\AmS-\protect\TeX}}
+%
+\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil\small\rm\rightmark
+\qquad\thepage}%
+\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\small\rm\thepage\qquad
+\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}
+\ps@myheadings
+%
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+%
+\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{--}
+\newenvironment{alpherate}%
+{\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\alph{enumi})}\begin{enumerate}}%
+{\end{enumerate}\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{enumi}}
+%
+\def\bibauthoryear{\begingroup
+\def\thebibliography##1{\section*{References}%
+    \small\list{}{\settowidth\labelwidth{}\leftmargin\parindent
+    \itemindent=-\parindent
+    \labelsep=\z@
+    \usecounter{enumi}}%
+    \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}%
+    \sloppy
+    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}%
+    \def\@cite##1{##1}%
+    \def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{\item[]\if@filesw
+      {\def\protect####1{\string ####1\space}\immediate
+    \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##2}{##1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}%
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+\bibitem[1982]{clar:eke3} Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: Nonlinear
+oscillations and boundary-value problems for Hamiltonian systems.
+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
+\end{thebibliography}
+\endgroup}
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+@article{agileSoftwareDevelopment,
+  title={Agile software development: The business of innovation},
+  author={Highsmith, Jim and Cockburn, Alistair},
+  journal={Computer},
+  volume={34},
+  number={9},
+  pages={120--127},
+  year={2001},
+  publisher={IEEE}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{onTheProductivityOfAgile,
+  title={On the productivity of agile software practices: An industrial case study},
+  author={Maurer, Frank and Martel, Sebastien},
+  booktitle={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Global Software Development},
+  year={2002}
+}
+
+@article{mcilroy1968software,
+  title={Software Engineering: Report on a conference sponsored by the NATO Science Committee},
+  author={McIlroy, MD},
+  year={1968},
+  publisher={NATO Scientific Affairs Division}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{anAnalysisOfTrends,
+  title={An analysis of trends in productivity and cost drivers over years},
+  author={Nguyen, Vu and Huang, LiGuo and Boehm, Barry},
+  booktitle={Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering},
+  pages={3},
+  year={2011},
+  organization={ACM}
+}
+
+@article{comparisonAgileTraditional,
+  title={A comparison between agile and traditional software development methodologies},
+  author={Awad, MA},
+  journal={University of Western Australia},
+  year={2005}
+}
+
+@article{theNewMethodology,
+  title={The new methodology},
+  author={Fowler, Martin},
+  journal={Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences},
+  volume={6},
+  number={1},
+  pages={12--24},
+  year={2001},
+  publisher={Springer}
+}
+
+@article{peopleFactor,
+  title={Agile software development, the people factor},
+  author={Cockburn, Alistair and Highsmith, Jim},
+  journal={Computer},
+  volume={34},
+  number={11},
+  pages={131--133},
+  year={2001},
+  publisher={IEEE}
+}
+
+@book{agileSoftwareDevelopmentEco,
+  title={Agile software development ecosystems},
+  author={Highsmith, James A},
+  volume={13},
+  year={2002},
+  publisher={Addison-Wesley Professional}
+}
+
+@article{challengesOfMigrating,
+  title={Challenges of migrating to agile methodologies},
+  author={Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
+  journal={Communications of the ACM},
+  volume={48},
+  number={5},
+  pages={72--78},
+  year={2005},
+  publisher={ACM}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{impactOfOrganizationalCulture,
+  title={The impact of organizational culture on agile method use},
+  author={Strode, Diane E and Huff, Sid L and Tretiakov, Alexei},
+  booktitle={System Sciences, 2009. HICSS'09. 42nd Hawaii International Conference on},
+  pages={1--9},
+  year={2009},
+  organization={IEEE}
+}
+
+@incollection{layeredApproach,
+  title={The structure of the “THE” multiprogramming system},
+  author={Dijkstra, Edsger W},
+  booktitle={The origin of concurrent programming},
+  pages={139--152},
+  year={1968},
+  publisher={Springer}
+}
+
+@article{anthopoulos2016government,
+  title={Why e-government projects fail? An analysis of the Healthcare. gov website},
+  author={Anthopoulos, Leonidas and Reddick, Christopher G and Giannakidou, Irene and Mavridis, Nikolaos},
+  journal={Government Information Quarterly},
+  volume={33},
+  number={1},
+  pages={161--173},
+  year={2016},
+  publisher={Elsevier}
+}
+
+@article{goldfinch2007pessimism,
+  ISSN={00333352, 15406210},
+  URL={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4624644},
+  abstract={The majority of information systems developments are unsuccessful. The larger the development, the more likely it will be unsuccessful. Despite the persistence of this problem for decades and the expenditure of vast sums of money, computer failure has received surprisingly little attention in the public administration literature. This article outlines the problems of enthusiasm and the problems of control, as well as the overwhelming complexity, that make the failure of large developments almost inevitable. Rather than the positive view found in much of the public administration literature, the author suggests a pessimism when it comes to information systems development. Aims for information technology should be modest ones, and in many cases, the risks, uncertainties, and probability of failure mean that new investments in technology are not justified. The author argues for a public official as a recalcitrant, suspicious, and skeptical adopter of IT.},
+  author={Shaun Goldfinch},
+  journal={Public Administration Review},
+  number={5},
+  pages={917-929},
+  publisher={[American Society for Public Administration, Wiley]},
+  title={Pessimism, Computer Failure, and Information Systems Development in the Public Sector},
+  volume={67},
+  year={2007}
+}
+
+@article{dybaa2008empirical,
+  title={Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review},
+  author={Dyb{\aa}, Tore and Dings{\o}yr, Torgeir},
+  journal={Information and software technology},
+  volume={50},
+  number={9},
+  pages={833--859},
+  year={2008},
+  publisher={Elsevier}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{de2016using,
+  title={Using scrum in outsourced government projects: An action research},
+  author={de Sousa, Thatiany Lima and Venson, Elaine and da Costa Figueiredo, Rejane Maria and Kosloski, Ricardo Ajax and Junior, Luiz Carlos Miyadaira Ribeiro},
+  booktitle={System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on},
+  pages={5447--5456},
+  year={2016},
+  organization={IEEE}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{melo2010adoccao,
+  title={Ado{\c{c}}{\~a}o de m{\'e}todos {\'a}geis em uma Institui{\c{c}}{\~a}o P{\'u}blica de grande porte-um estudo de caso},
+  author={Melo, Claudia de O and Ferreira, Gisele RM},
+  booktitle={Workshop Brasileiro de M{\'e}todos {\'A}geis (Agile Brasil 2010). Centro de Eventos da PUCRS (CEPUC), Porto Alegre},
+  year={2010}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{alleman2003making,
+  title={Making agile development work in a government contracting environment-measuring velocity with earned value},
+  author={Alleman, Glen B and Henderson, Michael and Seggelke, Ray},
+  booktitle={Agile Development Conference, 2003. ADC 2003. Proceedings of the},
+  pages={114--119},
+  year={2003},
+  organization={IEEE}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{anderson2005stretching,
+  title={Stretching agile to fit CMMI level 3-the story of creating MSF for CMMI/spl reg/process improvement at Microsoft corporation},
+  author={Anderson, David J},
+  booktitle={Agile Conference, 2005. Proceedings},
+  pages={193--201},
+  year={2005},
+  organization={IEEE}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{sandberg2017iacollaboration,
+ author = {Sandberg, Anna B\"{o}rjesson and Crnkovic, Ivica},
+ title = {Meeting Industry: Academia Research Collaboration Challenges with Agile Methodologies},
+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice Track},
+ series = {ICSE-SEIP '17},
+ year = {2017},
+ isbn = {978-1-5386-2717-4},
+ location = {Buenos Aires, Argentina},
+ pages = {73--82},
+ numpages = {10},
+ url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
+ doi = {10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
+ acmid = {3103122},
+ publisher = {IEEE Press},
+ address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
+ keywords = {agile methodologies, case study, collaboration, industry-academia research}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{meirelles2017spb,
+ author = {Meirelles, Paulo and Wen, Melissa and Terceiro, Antonio and Siqueira, Rodrigo and Kanashiro, Lucas and Neri, Hilmer},
+ title = {Brazilian Public Software Portal: An Integrated Platform for Collaborative Development},
+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
+ series = {OpenSym '17},
+ year = {2017},
+ isbn = {978-1-4503-5187-4},
+ location = {Galway, Ireland},
+ pages = {16:1--16:10},
+ articleno = {16},
+ numpages = {10},
+ url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3125433.3125471},
+ doi = {10.1145/3125433.3125471},
+ acmid = {3125471},
+ publisher = {ACM},
+ address = {New York, NY, USA},
+ keywords = {Free Software, Management Team, Software Integration}
+}
+
+@article{nerur2015challenges,
+ author = {Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
+ title = {Challenges of Migrating to Agile Methodologies},
+ journal = {Commun. ACM},
+ issue_date = {May 2005},
+ volume = {48},
+ number = {5},
+ month = may,
+ year = {2005},
+ issn = {0001-0782},
+ pages = {72--78},
+ numpages = {7},
+ url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060710.1060712},
+ doi = {10.1145/1060710.1060712},
+ acmid = {1060712},
+ publisher = {ACM},
+ address = {New York, NY, USA}
+} 
+
+@article{cho2011gap,
+ author = {Chookittikul, Wajee and Kourik, Janet and E. Maher, Peter},
+ year = {2011},
+ month = {04},
+ pages = {239-244},
+ title = {Reducing the Gap between Academia and Industry: The Case for Agile Methods in Thailand},
+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2011 Eighth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations}
+}
+
-\documentclass[sigconf, authordraft]{acmart}
+\documentclass{llncs}
-\usepackage{booktabs} % For formal tables
+\usepackage{llncsdoc}
+\usepackage{graphicx,url}
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{float}
+\usepackage{setspace}
+\usepackage{tabularx}
+\usepackage{cite}
+\usepackage{hyperref}
-% Copyright
-%\setcopyright{none}
-%\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
-%\setcopyright{acmlicensed}
-\setcopyright{rightsretained}
-%\setcopyright{usgov}
-%\setcopyright{usgovmixed}
-%\setcopyright{cagov}
-%\setcopyright{cagovmixed}
-
-
-% DOI
-%\acmDOI{10.475/123_4}
-
-% ISBN
-%\acmISBN{123-4567-24-567/08/06}
-
-%Conference
-%\acmConference[WOODSTOCK'97]{ACM Woodstock conference}{July 1997}{El
-%  Paso, Texas USA}
-%\acmYear{1997}
-%\copyrightyear{2016}
-
-%\acmPrice{15.00}
-
-%\acmSubmissionID{123-A12-B3}
-\graphicspath{{./figures/}}
+%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 \begin{document}
-\title{Conciliating distinct processes of management and software development}
-%\titlenote{Produces the permission block, and
-%  copyright information}
+\sloppy
+\title{Conciliating Distinct Processes of Management and Software Development}
 \subtitle{A three-year empirical study from the evolution of a government platform}
-%\subtitlenote{The full version of the author's guide is available as
-%  \texttt{acmart.pdf} document}
-\author{.}
-\affiliation{%
-  \institution{FLOSS Competence Center \\ University of S\~ao Paulo}
-  \streetaddress{Rua do Matão, 1010, Cidade Universitária}
-  \city{S\~ao Paulo}
-  \state{SP}
-  \country{Brazil}
-  \postcode{05508-090}
-}
-\email{@ime.usp.br}
+\titlerunning{Conciliating Development Processes}
 \author{.}
-\affiliation{%
-  \institution{Faculty Gama (FGA) \\ University of Bras\'ilia}
-  \streetaddress{St. Leste Projeção A - Gama Leste}
-  \city{Gama}
-  \state{Bras\'ilia}
-  \country{Brazil}
-  \postcode{72444-240}
-}
-\email{@unb.br}
-
-% The default list of authors is too long for headers}
-\renewcommand{\shortauthors}{}
+\authorrunning{Wen et al.}
-\input{content/00-abstract}
+\author{.}
+\institute{FLOSS Competence Center -- University of S\~ao Paulo \\
+  Rua do Mat\~ao, 1010, S\~ao Paulo, SP, Brazil\\
+  \texttt{@ime.usp.br}
+}
 \maketitle
+%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\input{content/00-abstract}
 \input{content/01-introduction}
-%\input{content/02-background}
 \input{content/03-relatedwork}
 \input{content/04-case}
 \input{content/05-methods}
@@ -80,7 +43,7 @@
 \input{content/07-discussion}
 \input{content/08-conclusions}
-\bibliographystyle{ACM-Reference-Format}
-\bibliography{bibliography}
+\bibliographystyle{splncs03}
+\bibliography{spb-icse-seip}
 \end{document}
@@ -0,0 +1,1519 @@
+%% BibTeX bibliography style `splncs03'
+%%
+%% BibTeX bibliography style for use with numbered references in
+%% Springer Verlag's "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" series.
+%% (See Springer's documentation for llncs.cls for
+%% more details of the suggested reference format.)  Note that this
+%% file will not work for author-year style citations.
+%%
+%% Use \documentclass{llncs} and \bibliographystyle{splncs03}, and cite
+%% a reference with (e.g.) \cite{smith77} to get a "[1]" in the text.
+%%
+%% This file comes to you courtesy of Maurizio "Titto" Patrignani of
+%% Dipartimento di Informatica e Automazione Universita' Roma Tre
+%%
+%% ================================================================================================
+%% This was file `titto-lncs-02.bst' produced on Wed Apr 1, 2009
+%% Edited by hand by titto based on `titto-lncs-01.bst' (see below)
+%%
+%% CHANGES (with respect to titto-lncs-01.bst):
+%% - Removed the call to \urlprefix (thus no "URL" string is added to the output)
+%% ================================================================================================
+%% This was file `titto-lncs-01.bst' produced on Fri Aug 22, 2008
+%% Edited by hand by titto based on `titto.bst' (see below)
+%%
+%% CHANGES (with respect to titto.bst):
+%% - Removed the "capitalize" command for editors string "(eds.)" and "(ed.)"
+%% - Introduced the functions titto.bbl.pages and titto.bbl.page for journal pages (without "pp.")
+%% - Added a new.sentence command to separate with a dot booktitle and series in the inproceedings
+%% - Commented all new.block commands before urls and notes (to separate them with a comma)
+%% - Introduced the functions titto.bbl.volume for handling journal volumes (without "vol." label)
+%% - Used for editors the same name conventions used for authors (see function format.in.ed.booktitle)
+%% - Removed a \newblock to avoid long spaces between title and "In: ..."
+%% - Added function titto.space.prefix to add a space instead of "~" after the (removed) "vol." label
+%% ================================================================================================
+%% This was file `titto.bst',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% merlin.mbs  (with options: `vonx,nm-rvvc,yr-par,jttl-rm,volp-com,jwdpg,jwdvol,numser,ser-vol,jnm-x,btit-rm,bt-rm,edparxc,bkedcap,au-col,in-col,fin-bare,pp,ed,abr,mth-bare,xedn,jabr,and-com,and-com-ed,xand,url,url-blk,em-x,nfss,')
+%% ----------------------------------------
+%% *** Tentative .bst file for Springer LNCS ***
+%%
+%% Copyright 1994-2007 Patrick W Daly
+ % ===============================================================
+ % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+ % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
+ % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
+ %
+ % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+ % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+ % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+ % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+ % ===============================================================
+ % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
+ % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2007/04/24 4.20 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
+ %   For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
+ %-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
+ % This is a numerical citation style, and as such is standard LaTeX.
+ % It requires no extra package to interface to the main text.
+ % The form of the \bibitem entries is
+ %   \bibitem{key}...
+ % Usage of \cite is as follows:
+ %   \cite{key} ==>>          [#]
+ %   \cite[chap. 2]{key} ==>> [#, chap. 2]
+ % where # is a number determined by the ordering in the reference list.
+ % The order in the reference list is alphabetical by authors.
+ %---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ENTRY
+  { address
+    author
+    booktitle
+    chapter
+    edition
+    editor
+    eid
+    howpublished
+    institution
+    journal
+    key
+    month
+    note
+    number
+    organization
+    pages
+    publisher
+    school
+    series
+    title
+    type
+    url
+    volume
+    year
+  }
+  {}
+  { label }
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+  #1 'mid.sentence :=
+  #2 'after.sentence :=
+  #3 'after.block :=
+}
+STRINGS { s t}
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    { ", " * write$ }
+    { output.state after.block =
+        { add.period$ write$
+%          newline$
+%          "\newblock " write$  % removed for titto-lncs-01
+          " " write$            % to avoid long spaces between title and "In: ..."
+        }
+        { output.state before.all =
+            'write$
+            { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    'write$
+  if$
+  newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+    'skip$
+    { after.block 'output.state := }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+    'skip$
+    { output.state before.all =
+        'skip$
+        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {add.blank}
+{  " " * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION {add.colon}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { ":" * add.blank }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {date.block}
+{
+  new.block
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{   { #0 }
+    { #1 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {and}
+{   'skip$
+    { pop$ #0 }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {or}
+{   { pop$ #1 }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+STRINGS {z}
+FUNCTION {remove.dots}
+{ 'z :=
+  ""
+  { z empty$ not }
+  { z #1 #1 substring$
+    z #2 global.max$ substring$ 'z :=
+    duplicate$ "." = 'pop$
+      { * }
+    if$
+  }
+  while$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
+{ empty$
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
+{ empty$
+  swap$ empty$
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.sentence
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "" }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ skip$ }
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { "~" }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$
+}
+FUNCTION {titto.space.prefix} %  always introduce a space
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { " " }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION {capitalize}
+{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
+
+FUNCTION {space.word}
+{ " " swap$ * " " * }
+ % Here are the language-specific definitions for explicit words.
+ % Each function has a name bbl.xxx where xxx is the English word.
+ % The language selected here is ENGLISH
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}
+{ "and"}
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}
+{ "et~al." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}
+{ "eds." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}
+{ "ed." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edby}
+{ "edited by" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}
+{ "edn." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}
+{ "vol." }
+
+FUNCTION {titto.bbl.volume} % for handling journals
+{ "" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}
+{ "of" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nr}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}
+{ "in" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}
+{ "pp." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}
+{ "p." }
+
+FUNCTION {titto.bbl.pages} % for journals
+{ "" }
+
+FUNCTION {titto.bbl.page}  % for journals
+{ "" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}
+{ "chap." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}
+{ "Tech. Rep." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}
+{ "Master's thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}
+{ "Ph.D. thesis" }
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput. Surv."}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf."}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Commun. ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM J. Res. Dev."}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Syst.~J."}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans. Software Eng."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Trans. Comput. Aid. Des."}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Inf. Process. Lett."}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"J.~ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"J.~Comput. Syst. Sci."}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Sci. Comput. Program."}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J. Comput."}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans. Database Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans. Graphic."}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans. Math. Software"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans. Office Inf. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans. Progr. Lang. Syst."}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theor. Comput. Sci."}
+
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      pop$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ pop$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
+{ swap$
+  duplicate$ missing$
+    {
+      swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$
+      ""
+    }
+    { duplicate$ empty$
+        {
+          swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$
+        }
+        { swap$
+          pop$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.url}
+{ url empty$
+    { "" }
+%    { "\urlprefix\url{" url * "}" * }
+    { "\url{" url * "}" * }  % changed in titto-lncs-02.bst
+  if$
+}
+
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+
+STRINGS  { bibinfo}
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{vv~}{ll}{, jj}{, f{.}.}"
+      format.name$
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              "," *
+              t "others" =
+                {
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.names.ed}
+{
+  'bibinfo :=
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+  's :=
+  "" 't :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{f{.}.~}{vv~}{ll}{ jj}"
+      format.name$
+      bibinfo bibinfo.check
+      't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+                { 't := }
+                { pop$ }
+              if$
+              "," *
+              t "others" =
+                {
+
+                  " " * bbl.etal *
+                }
+                { " " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+  } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author "author" format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      " " *
+      get.bbl.editor
+%      capitalize
+   "(" swap$ * ")" *
+      *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.note}
+{
+ note empty$
+    { "" }
+    { note #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "{" =
+        'skip$
+        { output.state mid.sentence =
+          { "l" }
+          { "u" }
+        if$
+        change.case$
+        }
+      if$
+      note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { "t" change.case$ }
+  if$
+  "title" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+  "\bibitem{" write$
+  cite$ write$
+  "}" write$
+  newline$
+  ""
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{
+  't :=
+  ""
+    { t empty$ not }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+        { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+            { "--" *
+              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+            }
+            {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+                { "-" *
+                  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+                }
+              while$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {word.in}
+{ bbl.in capitalize
+  ":" *
+  " " * }
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{
+  month "month" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$
+  year  "year"  bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+      if$
+      *
+    }
+    { swap$ 'skip$
+        {
+          swap$
+          " " * swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      *
+      remove.dots
+    }
+  if$
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    {
+      before.all 'output.state :=
+    " (" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+    { "" }
+    { bbl.volume volume tie.or.space.prefix
+      "volume" bibinfo.check * *
+      series "series" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { emphasize ", " * swap$ * }
+      if$
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+    { number empty$
+        { series field.or.null }
+        { output.state mid.sentence =
+            { bbl.number }
+            { bbl.number capitalize }
+          if$
+          number tie.or.space.prefix "number" bibinfo.check * *
+          series empty$
+            { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
+            { bbl.in space.word *
+              series "series" bibinfo.check *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      output.state mid.sentence =
+        { "l" }
+        { "t" }
+      if$ change.case$
+      "edition" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.edition *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+  #0 'multiresult :=
+    { multiresult not
+      t empty$ not
+      and
+    }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "-" =
+      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+      swap$ "+" =
+      or or
+        { #1 'multiresult := }
+        { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+  multiresult
+}
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    { duplicate$ multi.page.check
+        {
+          bbl.pages swap$
+          n.dashify
+        }
+        {
+          bbl.page swap$
+        }
+      if$
+      tie.or.space.prefix
+      "pages" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { pop$ pop$ format.pages }
+        {
+          ", " *
+          swap$
+          n.dashify
+          pages multi.page.check
+            'titto.bbl.pages
+            'titto.bbl.page
+          if$
+          swap$ tie.or.space.prefix
+          "pages" bibinfo.check
+          * *
+          *
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.eid}
+{ eid "eid" bibinfo.check
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+    { swap$ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+      {
+          ", " *
+      }
+      if$
+      swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages} % this function is used only for journal entries
+{ volume field.or.null
+  duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+%     bbl.volume swap$ tie.or.space.prefix
+      titto.bbl.volume swap$ titto.space.prefix
+%             rationale for the change above: for journals you don't want "vol." label
+%             hence it does not make sense to attach the journal number to the label when
+%             it is short
+      "volume" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+    }
+  if$
+  number "number" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+      swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+      swap$
+      "(" swap$ * ")" *
+    }
+  if$ *
+  eid empty$
+    { format.journal.pages }
+    { format.journal.eid }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+    'format.pages
+    { type empty$
+        { bbl.chapter }
+        { type "l" change.case$
+          "type" bibinfo.check
+        }
+      if$
+      chapter tie.or.space.prefix
+      "chapter" bibinfo.check
+      * *
+      pages empty$
+        'skip$
+        { ", " * format.pages * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.booktitle}
+{
+  booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+    {
+%     editor "editor" format.names.ed duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$ % changed by titto
+      editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        {
+          " " *
+          get.bbl.editor
+%          capitalize
+          "(" swap$ * ") " *
+          * swap$
+          * }
+      if$
+      word.in swap$ *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
+{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
+  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
+  and and and and and
+  key empty$ not and
+    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type duplicate$ empty$
+    'pop$
+    { swap$ pop$
+      "t" change.case$ "type" bibinfo.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check
+  type duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ bbl.techrep }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+  "type" bibinfo.check
+  swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ "t" change.case$ }
+    { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{
+  key duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$
+      journal duplicate$ empty$
+        { "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref * warning$ }
+        { "journal" bibinfo.check emphasize word.in swap$ * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in swap$ * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
+{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+  "editor" bibinfo.check
+  editor num.names$ duplicate$
+  #2 >
+    { pop$
+      "editor" bibinfo.check
+      " " * bbl.etal
+      *
+    }
+    { #2 <
+        'skip$
+        { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+            {
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              " " * bbl.etal
+              *
+            }
+            {
+             bbl.and space.word
+              * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+              "editor" bibinfo.check
+              *
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume duplicate$ empty$
+    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+      pop$ word.in
+    }
+    { bbl.volume
+      capitalize
+      swap$ tie.or.space.prefix "volume" bibinfo.check * * bbl.of space.word *
+    }
+  if$
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { series empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+              "" *
+            }
+            { series emphasize * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { key * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.crossref.editor * }
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{
+  editor empty$
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty$
+        { format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$
+            { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+              crossref * warning$
+            }
+            { word.in swap$ * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { word.in key * " " *}
+      if$
+    }
+    { word.in format.crossref.editor * " " *}
+  if$
+  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.org.or.pub}
+{ 't :=
+  ""
+  address empty$ t empty$ and
+    'skip$
+    {
+      t empty$
+        { address "address" bibinfo.check *
+        }
+        { t *
+          address empty$
+            'skip$
+            { ", " * address "address" bibinfo.check * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.publisher.address}
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.organization.address}
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      journal
+      "journal" bibinfo.check
+      "journal" output.check
+      add.blank
+      format.vol.num.pages output
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      add.colon
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      add.colon
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.bvolume output
+      new.block
+      new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.edition output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+      add.colon
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      add.colon
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+    }
+    {
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  format.edition output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.chapter.pages output
+      new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+      format.publisher.address output
+      format.edition output
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      new.sentence % added by titto
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.pages output
+      new.sentence
+      format.number.series output
+      publisher empty$
+        { format.organization.address output }
+        { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+      format.date "year" output.check
+    }
+    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+  author empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check
+      duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+        { output
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  author empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        {
+          address new.block.checka
+          address "address" bibinfo.check output
+        }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      organization address new.block.checkb
+      organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+      address "address" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.edition output
+  format.date output
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.mthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  add.colon
+  title howpublished new.block.checkb
+  format.title output
+  howpublished new.block.checka
+  howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date output
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+  empty.misc.check
+}
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  bbl.phdthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+  school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+  editor empty$
+    { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+    }
+    { format.editors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  format.bvolume output
+  editor empty$
+    { publisher empty$
+        {  format.number.series output }
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.number.series output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { publisher empty$
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.number.series output
+          format.organization.address output }
+        {
+          new.sentence
+          format.number.series output
+          organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+          format.publisher.address output
+        }
+      if$
+     }
+  if$
+      format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title
+  "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  format.tr.number output.nonnull
+  institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
+  address "address" bibinfo.check output
+  format.date "year" output.check
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  add.colon
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  format.date output
+%  new.block
+  format.url output
+%  new.block
+  format.note "note" output.check
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+READ
+FUNCTION {sortify}
+{ purify$
+  "l" change.case$
+}
+INTEGERS { len }
+FUNCTION {chop.word}
+{ 's :=
+  'len :=
+  s #1 len substring$ =
+    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+    's
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
+{ 's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  ""
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { s nameptr
+      "{ll{ }}{  ff{ }}{  jj{ }}"
+      format.name$ 't :=
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          "   "  *
+          namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
+            { "zzzzz" * }
+            { t sortify * }
+          if$
+        }
+        { t sortify * }
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
+{ 't :=
+  "A " #2
+    "An " #3
+      "The " #4 t chop.word
+    chop.word
+  chop.word
+  sortify
+  #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { key empty$
+        { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+          ""
+        }
+        { key sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { editor empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor sort.format.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
+{ author empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
+{ editor empty$
+    { organization empty$
+        { key empty$
+            { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+FUNCTION {presort}
+{ type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.sort
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+        'editor.organization.sort
+        { type$ "manual" =
+            'author.organization.sort
+            'author.sort
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  "    "
+  *
+  year field.or.null sortify
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+ITERATE {presort}
+SORT
+STRINGS { longest.label }
+INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+  #1 'number.label :=
+  #0 'longest.label.width :=
+}
+FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
+{ number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
+  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+  label width$ longest.label.width >
+    { label 'longest.label :=
+      label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
+    }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+    'skip$
+    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+  if$
+  "\begin{thebibliography}{"  longest.label  * "}" *
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\url}[1]{\texttt{#1}}"
+  write$ newline$
+  "\providecommand{\urlprefix}{URL }"
+  write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
+%% End of customized bst file
+%%
+%% End of file `titto.bst'.
+
+
	@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@	@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@
1	-@article{agileSoftwareDevelopment,
2	- title={Agile software development: The business of innovation},
3	- author={Highsmith, Jim and Cockburn, Alistair},
4	- journal={Computer},
5	- volume={34},
6	- number={9},
7	- pages={120--127},
8	- year={2001},
9	- publisher={IEEE}
10	-}
11	-
12	-@inproceedings{onTheProductivityOfAgile,
13	- title={On the productivity of agile software practices: An industrial case study},
14	- author={Maurer, Frank and Martel, Sebastien},
15	- booktitle={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Global Software Development},
16	- year={2002}
17	-}
18	-
19	-@article{mcilroy1968software,
20	- title={Software Engineering: Report on a conference sponsored by the NATO Science Committee},
21	- author={McIlroy, MD},
22	- year={1968},
23	- publisher={NATO Scientific Affairs Division}
24	-}
25	-
26	-@inproceedings{anAnalysisOfTrends,
27	- title={An analysis of trends in productivity and cost drivers over years},
28	- author={Nguyen, Vu and Huang, LiGuo and Boehm, Barry},
29	- booktitle={Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering},
30	- pages={3},
31	- year={2011},
32	- organization={ACM}
33	-}
34	-
35	-@article{comparisonAgileTraditional,
36	- title={A comparison between agile and traditional software development methodologies},
37	- author={Awad, MA},
38	- journal={University of Western Australia},
39	- year={2005}
40	-}
41	-
42	-@article{theNewMethodology,
43	- title={The new methodology},
44	- author={Fowler, Martin},
45	- journal={Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences},
46	- volume={6},
47	- number={1},
48	- pages={12--24},
49	- year={2001},
50	- publisher={Springer}
51	-}
52	-
53	-@article{peopleFactor,
54	- title={Agile software development, the people factor},
55	- author={Cockburn, Alistair and Highsmith, Jim},
56	- journal={Computer},
57	- volume={34},
58	- number={11},
59	- pages={131--133},
60	- year={2001},
61	- publisher={IEEE}
62	-}
63	-
64	-@book{agileSoftwareDevelopmentEco,
65	- title={Agile software development ecosystems},
66	- author={Highsmith, James A},
67	- volume={13},
68	- year={2002},
69	- publisher={Addison-Wesley Professional}
70	-}
71	-
72	-@article{challengesOfMigrating,
73	- title={Challenges of migrating to agile methodologies},
74	- author={Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
75	- journal={Communications of the ACM},
76	- volume={48},
77	- number={5},
78	- pages={72--78},
79	- year={2005},
80	- publisher={ACM}
81	-}
82	-
83	-@inproceedings{impactOfOrganizationalCulture,
84	- title={The impact of organizational culture on agile method use},
85	- author={Strode, Diane E and Huff, Sid L and Tretiakov, Alexei},
86	- booktitle={System Sciences, 2009. HICSS'09. 42nd Hawaii International Conference on},
87	- pages={1--9},
88	- year={2009},
89	- organization={IEEE}
90	-}
91	-
92	-@incollection{layeredApproach,
93	- title={The structure of the “THE” multiprogramming system},
94	- author={Dijkstra, Edsger W},
95	- booktitle={The origin of concurrent programming},
96	- pages={139--152},
97	- year={1968},
98	- publisher={Springer}
99	-}
100	-
101	-% Remover??
102	-
103	-@article{anthopoulos2016government,
104	- title={Why e-government projects fail? An analysis of the Healthcare. gov website},
105	- author={Anthopoulos, Leonidas and Reddick, Christopher G and Giannakidou, Irene and Mavridis, Nikolaos},
106	- journal={Government Information Quarterly},
107	- volume={33},
108	- number={1},
109	- pages={161--173},
110	- year={2016},
111	- publisher={Elsevier}
112	-}
113	-
114	-@article{goldfinch2007pessimism,
115	- ISSN={00333352, 15406210},
116	- URL={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4624644},
117	- abstract={The majority of information systems developments are unsuccessful. The larger the development, the more likely it will be unsuccessful. Despite the persistence of this problem for decades and the expenditure of vast sums of money, computer failure has received surprisingly little attention in the public administration literature. This article outlines the problems of enthusiasm and the problems of control, as well as the overwhelming complexity, that make the failure of large developments almost inevitable. Rather than the positive view found in much of the public administration literature, the author suggests a pessimism when it comes to information systems development. Aims for information technology should be modest ones, and in many cases, the risks, uncertainties, and probability of failure mean that new investments in technology are not justified. The author argues for a public official as a recalcitrant, suspicious, and skeptical adopter of IT.},
118	- author={Shaun Goldfinch},
119	- journal={Public Administration Review},
120	- number={5},
121	- pages={917-929},
122	- publisher={[American Society for Public Administration, Wiley]},
123	- title={Pessimism, Computer Failure, and Information Systems Development in the Public Sector},
124	- volume={67},
125	- year={2007}
126	-}
127	-
128	-@article{dybaa2008empirical,
129	- title={Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review},
130	- author={Dyb{\aa}, Tore and Dings{\o}yr, Torgeir},
131	- journal={Information and software technology},
132	- volume={50},
133	- number={9},
134	- pages={833--859},
135	- year={2008},
136	- publisher={Elsevier}
137	-}
138	-
139	-@inproceedings{de2016using,
140	- title={Using scrum in outsourced government projects: An action research},
141	- author={de Sousa, Thatiany Lima and Venson, Elaine and da Costa Figueiredo, Rejane Maria and Kosloski, Ricardo Ajax and Junior, Luiz Carlos Miyadaira Ribeiro},
142	- booktitle={System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on},
143	- pages={5447--5456},
144	- year={2016},
145	- organization={IEEE}
146	-}
147	-
148	-@inproceedings{melo2010adoccao,
149	- title={Ado{\c{c}}{\~a}o de m{\'e}todos {\'a}geis em uma Institui{\c{c}}{\~a}o P{\'u}blica de grande porte-um estudo de caso},
150	- author={Melo, Claudia de O and Ferreira, Gisele RM},
151	- booktitle={Workshop Brasileiro de M{\'e}todos {\'A}geis (Agile Brasil 2010). Centro de Eventos da PUCRS (CEPUC), Porto Alegre},
152	- year={2010}
153	-}
154	-
155	-@inproceedings{alleman2003making,
156	- title={Making agile development work in a government contracting environment-measuring velocity with earned value},
157	- author={Alleman, Glen B and Henderson, Michael and Seggelke, Ray},
158	- booktitle={Agile Development Conference, 2003. ADC 2003. Proceedings of the},
159	- pages={114--119},
160	- year={2003},
161	- organization={IEEE}
162	-}
163	-
164	-@inproceedings{anderson2005stretching,
165	- title={Stretching agile to fit CMMI level 3-the story of creating MSF for CMMI/spl reg/process improvement at Microsoft corporation},
166	- author={Anderson, David J},
167	- booktitle={Agile Conference, 2005. Proceedings},
168	- pages={193--201},
169	- year={2005},
170	- organization={IEEE}
171	-}
172	-
173	-@inproceedings{sandberg2017iacollaboration,
174	- author = {Sandberg, Anna B\"{o}rjesson and Crnkovic, Ivica},
175	- title = {Meeting Industry: Academia Research Collaboration Challenges with Agile Methodologies},
176	- booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice Track},
177	- series = {ICSE-SEIP '17},
178	- year = {2017},
179	- isbn = {978-1-5386-2717-4},
180	- location = {Buenos Aires, Argentina},
181	- pages = {73--82},
182	- numpages = {10},
183	- url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
184	- doi = {10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
185	- acmid = {3103122},
186	- publisher = {IEEE Press},
187	- address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
188	- keywords = {agile methodologies, case study, collaboration, industry-academia research}
189	-}
190	-
191	-@inproceedings{meirelles2017spb,
192	- author = {Meirelles, Paulo and Wen, Melissa and Terceiro, Antonio and Siqueira, Rodrigo and Kanashiro, Lucas and Neri, Hilmer},
193	- title = {Brazilian Public Software Portal: An Integrated Platform for Collaborative Development},
194	- booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
195	- series = {OpenSym '17},
196	- year = {2017},
197	- isbn = {978-1-4503-5187-4},
198	- location = {Galway, Ireland},
199	- pages = {16:1--16:10},
200	- articleno = {16},
201	- numpages = {10},
202	- url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3125433.3125471},
203	- doi = {10.1145/3125433.3125471},
204	- acmid = {3125471},
205	- publisher = {ACM},
206	- address = {New York, NY, USA},
207	- keywords = {Free Software, Management Team, Software Integration}
208	-}
209	-
210	-@article{nerur2015challenges,
211	- author = {Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
212	- title = {Challenges of Migrating to Agile Methodologies},
213	- journal = {Commun. ACM},
214	- issue_date = {May 2005},
215	- volume = {48},
216	- number = {5},
217	- month = may,
218	- year = {2005},
219	- issn = {0001-0782},
220	- pages = {72--78},
221	- numpages = {7},
222	- url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060710.1060712},
223	- doi = {10.1145/1060710.1060712},
224	- acmid = {1060712},
225	- publisher = {ACM},
226	- address = {New York, NY, USA},
227	-}
228	-
229	-@article{cho2011gap,
230	-author = {Chookittikul, Wajee and Kourik, Janet and E. Maher, Peter},
231	-year = {2011},
232	-month = {04},
233	-pages = {239-244},
234	-title = {Reducing the Gap between Academia and Industry: The Case for Agile Methods in Thailand},
235	-booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2011 Eighth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations}
236	-}
237	-
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@		@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
	1	+% This is LLNCSDOC.STY the modification of the
	2	+% LLNCS class file for the documentation of
	3	+% the class itself.
	4	+%
	5	+\def\AmS{{\protect\usefont{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n}%
	6	+ A\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex\hbox{M}\kern-.125emS}}
	7	+\def\AmSTeX{{\protect\AmS-\protect\TeX}}
	8	+%
	9	+\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
	10	+\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil\small\rm\rightmark
	11	+\qquad\thepage}%
	12	+\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\small\rm\thepage\qquad
	13	+\leftmark\hfil}%
	14	+\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}
	15	+\ps@myheadings
	16	+%
	17	+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
	18	+%
	19	+\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{--}
	20	+\newenvironment{alpherate}%
	21	+{\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\alph{enumi})}\begin{enumerate}}%
	22	+{\end{enumerate}\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{enumi}}
	23	+%
	24	+\def\bibauthoryear{\begingroup
	25	+\def\thebibliography##1{\section*{References}%
	26	+ \small\list{}{\settowidth\labelwidth{}\leftmargin\parindent
	27	+ \itemindent=-\parindent
	28	+ \labelsep=\z@
	29	+ \usecounter{enumi}}%
	30	+ \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}%
	31	+ \sloppy
	32	+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}%
	33	+ \def\@cite##1{##1}%
	34	+ \def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{\item[]\if@filesw
	35	+ {\def\protect####1{\string ####1\space}\immediate
	36	+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##2}{##1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}%
	37	+\begin{thebibliography}{}
	38	+\bibitem[1982]{clar:eke3} Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: Nonlinear
	39	+oscillations and boundary-value problems for Hamiltonian systems.
	40	+Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 78, 315--333 (1982)
	41	+\end{thebibliography}
	42	+\endgroup}
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@		@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
	1	+@article{agileSoftwareDevelopment,
	2	+ title={Agile software development: The business of innovation},
	3	+ author={Highsmith, Jim and Cockburn, Alistair},
	4	+ journal={Computer},
	5	+ volume={34},
	6	+ number={9},
	7	+ pages={120--127},
	8	+ year={2001},
	9	+ publisher={IEEE}
	10	+}
	11	+
	12	+@inproceedings{onTheProductivityOfAgile,
	13	+ title={On the productivity of agile software practices: An industrial case study},
	14	+ author={Maurer, Frank and Martel, Sebastien},
	15	+ booktitle={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Global Software Development},
	16	+ year={2002}
	17	+}
	18	+
	19	+@article{mcilroy1968software,
	20	+ title={Software Engineering: Report on a conference sponsored by the NATO Science Committee},
	21	+ author={McIlroy, MD},
	22	+ year={1968},
	23	+ publisher={NATO Scientific Affairs Division}
	24	+}
	25	+
	26	+@inproceedings{anAnalysisOfTrends,
	27	+ title={An analysis of trends in productivity and cost drivers over years},
	28	+ author={Nguyen, Vu and Huang, LiGuo and Boehm, Barry},
	29	+ booktitle={Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Predictive Models in Software Engineering},
	30	+ pages={3},
	31	+ year={2011},
	32	+ organization={ACM}
	33	+}
	34	+
	35	+@article{comparisonAgileTraditional,
	36	+ title={A comparison between agile and traditional software development methodologies},
	37	+ author={Awad, MA},
	38	+ journal={University of Western Australia},
	39	+ year={2005}
	40	+}
	41	+
	42	+@article{theNewMethodology,
	43	+ title={The new methodology},
	44	+ author={Fowler, Martin},
	45	+ journal={Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences},
	46	+ volume={6},
	47	+ number={1},
	48	+ pages={12--24},
	49	+ year={2001},
	50	+ publisher={Springer}
	51	+}
	52	+
	53	+@article{peopleFactor,
	54	+ title={Agile software development, the people factor},
	55	+ author={Cockburn, Alistair and Highsmith, Jim},
	56	+ journal={Computer},
	57	+ volume={34},
	58	+ number={11},
	59	+ pages={131--133},
	60	+ year={2001},
	61	+ publisher={IEEE}
	62	+}
	63	+
	64	+@book{agileSoftwareDevelopmentEco,
	65	+ title={Agile software development ecosystems},
	66	+ author={Highsmith, James A},
	67	+ volume={13},
	68	+ year={2002},
	69	+ publisher={Addison-Wesley Professional}
	70	+}
	71	+
	72	+@article{challengesOfMigrating,
	73	+ title={Challenges of migrating to agile methodologies},
	74	+ author={Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
	75	+ journal={Communications of the ACM},
	76	+ volume={48},
	77	+ number={5},
	78	+ pages={72--78},
	79	+ year={2005},
	80	+ publisher={ACM}
	81	+}
	82	+
	83	+@inproceedings{impactOfOrganizationalCulture,
	84	+ title={The impact of organizational culture on agile method use},
	85	+ author={Strode, Diane E and Huff, Sid L and Tretiakov, Alexei},
	86	+ booktitle={System Sciences, 2009. HICSS'09. 42nd Hawaii International Conference on},
	87	+ pages={1--9},
	88	+ year={2009},
	89	+ organization={IEEE}
	90	+}
	91	+
	92	+@incollection{layeredApproach,
	93	+ title={The structure of the “THE” multiprogramming system},
	94	+ author={Dijkstra, Edsger W},
	95	+ booktitle={The origin of concurrent programming},
	96	+ pages={139--152},
	97	+ year={1968},
	98	+ publisher={Springer}
	99	+}
	100	+
	101	+@article{anthopoulos2016government,
	102	+ title={Why e-government projects fail? An analysis of the Healthcare. gov website},
	103	+ author={Anthopoulos, Leonidas and Reddick, Christopher G and Giannakidou, Irene and Mavridis, Nikolaos},
	104	+ journal={Government Information Quarterly},
	105	+ volume={33},
	106	+ number={1},
	107	+ pages={161--173},
	108	+ year={2016},
	109	+ publisher={Elsevier}
	110	+}
	111	+
	112	+@article{goldfinch2007pessimism,
	113	+ ISSN={00333352, 15406210},
	114	+ URL={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4624644},
	115	+ abstract={The majority of information systems developments are unsuccessful. The larger the development, the more likely it will be unsuccessful. Despite the persistence of this problem for decades and the expenditure of vast sums of money, computer failure has received surprisingly little attention in the public administration literature. This article outlines the problems of enthusiasm and the problems of control, as well as the overwhelming complexity, that make the failure of large developments almost inevitable. Rather than the positive view found in much of the public administration literature, the author suggests a pessimism when it comes to information systems development. Aims for information technology should be modest ones, and in many cases, the risks, uncertainties, and probability of failure mean that new investments in technology are not justified. The author argues for a public official as a recalcitrant, suspicious, and skeptical adopter of IT.},
	116	+ author={Shaun Goldfinch},
	117	+ journal={Public Administration Review},
	118	+ number={5},
	119	+ pages={917-929},
	120	+ publisher={[American Society for Public Administration, Wiley]},
	121	+ title={Pessimism, Computer Failure, and Information Systems Development in the Public Sector},
	122	+ volume={67},
	123	+ year={2007}
	124	+}
	125	+
	126	+@article{dybaa2008empirical,
	127	+ title={Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review},
	128	+ author={Dyb{\aa}, Tore and Dings{\o}yr, Torgeir},
	129	+ journal={Information and software technology},
	130	+ volume={50},
	131	+ number={9},
	132	+ pages={833--859},
	133	+ year={2008},
	134	+ publisher={Elsevier}
	135	+}
	136	+
	137	+@inproceedings{de2016using,
	138	+ title={Using scrum in outsourced government projects: An action research},
	139	+ author={de Sousa, Thatiany Lima and Venson, Elaine and da Costa Figueiredo, Rejane Maria and Kosloski, Ricardo Ajax and Junior, Luiz Carlos Miyadaira Ribeiro},
	140	+ booktitle={System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on},
	141	+ pages={5447--5456},
	142	+ year={2016},
	143	+ organization={IEEE}
	144	+}
	145	+
	146	+@inproceedings{melo2010adoccao,
	147	+ title={Ado{\c{c}}{\~a}o de m{\'e}todos {\'a}geis em uma Institui{\c{c}}{\~a}o P{\'u}blica de grande porte-um estudo de caso},
	148	+ author={Melo, Claudia de O and Ferreira, Gisele RM},
	149	+ booktitle={Workshop Brasileiro de M{\'e}todos {\'A}geis (Agile Brasil 2010). Centro de Eventos da PUCRS (CEPUC), Porto Alegre},
	150	+ year={2010}
	151	+}
	152	+
	153	+@inproceedings{alleman2003making,
	154	+ title={Making agile development work in a government contracting environment-measuring velocity with earned value},
	155	+ author={Alleman, Glen B and Henderson, Michael and Seggelke, Ray},
	156	+ booktitle={Agile Development Conference, 2003. ADC 2003. Proceedings of the},
	157	+ pages={114--119},
	158	+ year={2003},
	159	+ organization={IEEE}
	160	+}
	161	+
	162	+@inproceedings{anderson2005stretching,
	163	+ title={Stretching agile to fit CMMI level 3-the story of creating MSF for CMMI/spl reg/process improvement at Microsoft corporation},
	164	+ author={Anderson, David J},
	165	+ booktitle={Agile Conference, 2005. Proceedings},
	166	+ pages={193--201},
	167	+ year={2005},
	168	+ organization={IEEE}
	169	+}
	170	+
	171	+@inproceedings{sandberg2017iacollaboration,
	172	+ author = {Sandberg, Anna B\"{o}rjesson and Crnkovic, Ivica},
	173	+ title = {Meeting Industry: Academia Research Collaboration Challenges with Agile Methodologies},
	174	+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice Track},
	175	+ series = {ICSE-SEIP '17},
	176	+ year = {2017},
	177	+ isbn = {978-1-5386-2717-4},
	178	+ location = {Buenos Aires, Argentina},
	179	+ pages = {73--82},
	180	+ numpages = {10},
	181	+ url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
	182	+ doi = {10.1109/ICSE-SEIP.2017.20},
	183	+ acmid = {3103122},
	184	+ publisher = {IEEE Press},
	185	+ address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
	186	+ keywords = {agile methodologies, case study, collaboration, industry-academia research}
	187	+}
	188	+
	189	+@inproceedings{meirelles2017spb,
	190	+ author = {Meirelles, Paulo and Wen, Melissa and Terceiro, Antonio and Siqueira, Rodrigo and Kanashiro, Lucas and Neri, Hilmer},
	191	+ title = {Brazilian Public Software Portal: An Integrated Platform for Collaborative Development},
	192	+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
	193	+ series = {OpenSym '17},
	194	+ year = {2017},
	195	+ isbn = {978-1-4503-5187-4},
	196	+ location = {Galway, Ireland},
	197	+ pages = {16:1--16:10},
	198	+ articleno = {16},
	199	+ numpages = {10},
	200	+ url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3125433.3125471},
	201	+ doi = {10.1145/3125433.3125471},
	202	+ acmid = {3125471},
	203	+ publisher = {ACM},
	204	+ address = {New York, NY, USA},
	205	+ keywords = {Free Software, Management Team, Software Integration}
	206	+}
	207	+
	208	+@article{nerur2015challenges,
	209	+ author = {Nerur, Sridhar and Mahapatra, RadhaKanta and Mangalaraj, George},
	210	+ title = {Challenges of Migrating to Agile Methodologies},
	211	+ journal = {Commun. ACM},
	212	+ issue_date = {May 2005},
	213	+ volume = {48},
	214	+ number = {5},
	215	+ month = may,
	216	+ year = {2005},
	217	+ issn = {0001-0782},
	218	+ pages = {72--78},
	219	+ numpages = {7},
	220	+ url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1060710.1060712},
	221	+ doi = {10.1145/1060710.1060712},
	222	+ acmid = {1060712},
	223	+ publisher = {ACM},
	224	+ address = {New York, NY, USA}
	225	+}
	226	+
	227	+@article{cho2011gap,
	228	+ author = {Chookittikul, Wajee and Kourik, Janet and E. Maher, Peter},
	229	+ year = {2011},
	230	+ month = {04},
	231	+ pages = {239-244},
	232	+ title = {Reducing the Gap between Academia and Industry: The Case for Agile Methods in Thailand},
	233	+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2011 Eighth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations}
	234	+}
	235	+
1	-\documentclass[sigconf, authordraft]{acmart}	1	+\documentclass{llncs}
2		2
3	-\usepackage{booktabs} % For formal tables	3	+\usepackage{llncsdoc}
		4	+\usepackage{graphicx,url}
4	\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}	5	\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
		6	+\usepackage{float}
		7	+\usepackage{setspace}
5		8
		9	+\usepackage{tabularx}
		10	+\usepackage{cite}
		11	+\usepackage{hyperref}
6		12
7	-% Copyright
8	-%\setcopyright{none}
9	-%\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
10	-%\setcopyright{acmlicensed}
11	-\setcopyright{rightsretained}
12	-%\setcopyright{usgov}
13	-%\setcopyright{usgovmixed}
14	-%\setcopyright{cagov}
15	-%\setcopyright{cagovmixed}
16	-
17	-
18	-% DOI
19	-%\acmDOI{10.475/123_4}
20	-
21	-% ISBN
22	-%\acmISBN{123-4567-24-567/08/06}
23	-
24	-%Conference
25	-%\acmConference[WOODSTOCK'97]{ACM Woodstock conference}{July 1997}{El
26	-% Paso, Texas USA}
27	-%\acmYear{1997}
28	-%\copyrightyear{2016}
29	-
30	-%\acmPrice{15.00}
31	-
32	-%\acmSubmissionID{123-A12-B3}
33	-\graphicspath{{./figures/}}	13	+%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
34		14
35	\begin{document}	15	\begin{document}
36	-\title{Conciliating distinct processes of management and software development}
37	-%\titlenote{Produces the permission block, and
38	-% copyright information}	16	+\sloppy
		17	+\title{Conciliating Distinct Processes of Management and Software Development}
39	\subtitle{A three-year empirical study from the evolution of a government platform}	18	\subtitle{A three-year empirical study from the evolution of a government platform}
40	-%\subtitlenote{The full version of the author's guide is available as
41	-% \texttt{acmart.pdf} document}
42		19
43	-\author{.}
44	-\affiliation{%
45	- \institution{FLOSS Competence Center \\ University of S\~ao Paulo}
46	- \streetaddress{Rua do Matão, 1010, Cidade Universitária}
47	- \city{S\~ao Paulo}
48	- \state{SP}
49	- \country{Brazil}
50	- \postcode{05508-090}
51	-}
52	-\email{@ime.usp.br}	20	+\titlerunning{Conciliating Development Processes}
53		21
54	\author{.}	22	\author{.}
55	-\affiliation{%
56	- \institution{Faculty Gama (FGA) \\ University of Bras\'ilia}
57	- \streetaddress{St. Leste Projeção A - Gama Leste}
58	- \city{Gama}
59	- \state{Bras\'ilia}
60	- \country{Brazil}
61	- \postcode{72444-240}
62	-}
63	-\email{@unb.br}
64	-
65	-% The default list of authors is too long for headers}
66	-\renewcommand{\shortauthors}{}
67		23
		24	+\authorrunning{Wen et al.}
68		25
69	-\input{content/00-abstract}
70		26
		27	+\author{.}
		28	+\institute{FLOSS Competence Center -- University of S\~ao Paulo \\
		29	+ Rua do Mat\~ao, 1010, S\~ao Paulo, SP, Brazil\\
		30	+ \texttt{@ime.usp.br}
		31	+}
71		32
72	\maketitle	33	\maketitle
73		34
		35	+%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
		36	+
		37	+\input{content/00-abstract}
74	\input{content/01-introduction}	38	\input{content/01-introduction}
75	-%\input{content/02-background}
76	\input{content/03-relatedwork}	39	\input{content/03-relatedwork}
77	\input{content/04-case}	40	\input{content/04-case}
78	\input{content/05-methods}	41	\input{content/05-methods}
	@@ -80,7 +43,7 @@		@@ -80,7 +43,7 @@
80	\input{content/07-discussion}	43	\input{content/07-discussion}
81	\input{content/08-conclusions}	44	\input{content/08-conclusions}
82		45
83	-\bibliographystyle{ACM-Reference-Format}
84	-\bibliography{bibliography}	46	+\bibliographystyle{splncs03}
		47	+\bibliography{spb-icse-seip}
85		48
86	\end{document}	49	\end{document}