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[oss-2018] review results as a whole
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icse2018/content/06-results.tex
... | ... | @@ -31,11 +31,10 @@ the platform under development using its integrated software components Gitlab |
31 | 31 | and Mailman |
32 | 32 | \end{itemize} & |
33 | 33 | \begin{itemize} |
34 | -\item Confidence in developed code; | |
35 | -\item Transparency and efficiency in communication; | |
36 | -\item Easier monitoring and | |
37 | -increase interactions between development team and public servants; | |
38 | -\item Organically documentation and records generation; | |
34 | +\item Trusting developed code; | |
35 | +\item Communicating with transparency and efficiency; | |
36 | +\item Easier monitoring and increasing interactions between development team and public servants; | |
37 | +\item Producting organically documentation and records; | |
39 | 38 | \end{itemize} \\ \hline |
40 | 39 | |
41 | 40 | \textbf{Bring together government staff and development team} & |
... | ... | @@ -46,10 +45,10 @@ were discussed on Gitlab Issue Tracker. \item Only strategic decisions or |
46 | 45 | bureaucratic issues involve board directors. \item Continuous Delivery |
47 | 46 | \end{itemize} & |
48 | 47 | \begin{itemize} |
49 | -\item Reduce communication misunderstood and better meet expectations of both sides; | |
50 | -\item Improve understanding of collaborative development by MPOG staff and increase their confidence for collaborative projects with the university; | |
51 | -\item Aligning both side pace to execute project-related activities (Empathy between gov and academia side) | |
52 | -\item Improving translation from one development process to the other; | |
48 | +\item Reducing communication misunderstood and better meeting expectations of both sides; | |
49 | +\item Overcoming the government bias regarding low productivity of collaboration with academia; | |
50 | +\item Aligning both activities execution pace; | |
51 | +\item Improving the translation of the process from one side to the other; | |
53 | 52 | \end{itemize} \\ \hline |
54 | 53 | |
55 | 54 | \textbf{Split development team into priority work fronts with IT market specialists} & |
... | ... | @@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ bureaucratic issues involve board directors. \item Continuous Delivery |
60 | 59 | \item The meta-coach role was also defined to coordinate tasks between teams. |
61 | 60 | \end{itemize} & |
62 | 61 | \begin{itemize} |
63 | -\item Helping conciliation of development processes and decision-making; | |
62 | +\item Helping to reconciliate development processes and decision-making; | |
64 | 63 | \item Creating support-points for students, senior developers, and gov staff; |
65 | 64 | \item Transfering of knowledge from industry and FLOSS community to both academia and government; |
66 | 65 | \end{itemize}\\ \hline |
... | ... | @@ -79,46 +78,47 @@ communication interactions to the platform under development. In short, Wiki |
79 | 78 | feature was used for meeting logging, defining goals, sprint planning, and |
80 | 79 | documentation of deployment processes and administration resources guide. Issue |
81 | 80 | tracker was used for discussing requirements, monitoring the features under |
82 | -development, registering changes, and validating functionalities delivered. The | |
81 | +development, registering changes, and validating functionalities delivered. Finally, the | |
83 | 82 | whole team used Mailing list to defining schedules of meetings and deliveries |
84 | 83 | and also to collaborative definition of requirements. |
85 | 84 | |
86 | -Our surveys report a \textbf{transparency and efficiency in communication}. | |
87 | -Senior developers and students used mostly via Mailing list (100\%) and Issue | |
88 | -Tracker (62.5\%). Developers and MPOG staff interacted mostly via Mailing List | |
89 | -(87.5\%) and Issue tracker (50\%). For example, a MPOG IT analyst said that the | |
90 | -"communication goes far beyond that, you communicate to everyone in the project | |
91 | -everything that was happening. We did not use emails, we use the mailing list | |
92 | -more and avoid e-mails, it helped a lot because everything was public and did | |
93 | -not pollute our mailbox. You wanted to know something, could go there and look | |
94 | -at what was happening." | |
85 | +Our surveys reports Mailing list (100\%) and Issue Tracker (62.5\%) as the main means | |
86 | +of interaction between senior developers and undergraduates. Developers and MPOG | |
87 | +staff also interacted mostly via Mailing List (87.5\%) and Issue tracker (50\%). | |
88 | +According to research findings, this movement made \textbf{communication more | |
89 | +transparent and efficient}. A MPOG IT analyst said that the | |
90 | +\textit{"Communicating well goes far beyond the speed, it is someone being able | |
91 | +to communicate to everyone everything that is happening in the project. We did | |
92 | +not use emails. We use more mailing list and avoid e-mails. It helped a lot | |
93 | +because everything was public and did not pollute our mailbox. You wanted to | |
94 | +know something, could go there and look at what was happening"}. | |
95 | 95 | |
96 | 96 | Migrating to SPB platform also provided an \textbf{easier monitoring and |
97 | 97 | increase interactions between development team and public servants by |
98 | -coordinators}. As shown by collected data, 775 issues and 4,658 issue comments | |
99 | -was registered during the project in the main repository (without considering | |
100 | -the software repositories that integrated the platform) within the SPB | |
101 | -platform. The issues have 59 different authors (8 from MPOG staff), and | |
102 | -commented by 64 different users (9 form MPOG staff and users). Considering the | |
103 | -most active issues those that have 10 or more comments, in a set of 84 issues, | |
104 | -MPOG staff authored 36 issue (about 43\% of 84 issues with higher level of | |
105 | -interaction). An MPOG analyst highlighted that “there was a lot of evolution, | |
106 | -a lot of communication via Gitlab". This interaction also led MPOG staff to | |
107 | -\textbf{confidence in developed code}: "Everything was validated, we tested the | |
108 | -features and the project was developed inside the platform, so that the feature | |
109 | -was validated in the development of the software itself. [..] From the moment | |
110 | -we installed it, and began to use it for development, this validation was | |
111 | -constant. We felt confident about the features". | |
98 | +coordinators}. As shown by collected data, in the last 15 months of the project, | |
99 | +775 issues and 4,658 issue comments was registered in the main repository | |
100 | +(without considering the software repositories that integrated the platform) | |
101 | +within the SPB platform. The issues have 59 different authors (8 from MPOG | |
102 | +staff), and commented by 64 different users (9 form MPOG staff and users). | |
103 | +Considering issues with higher level of interaction those that have 10 or more | |
104 | +comments, in a set of 84 issues, MPOG staff authored 36 issues (which represents | |
105 | +about 43\% of these most active issues). A MPOG analyst highlighted that | |
106 | +\textit{"there was a lot of evolution, a lot of communication via Gitlab"}. | |
107 | +This interaction also led MPOG staff to \textbf{trust developed code}: | |
108 | +\textit{"Everything was validated, we tested the features and the project was | |
109 | +developed inside the platform, so that the feature was validated in the | |
110 | +development of the software itself. From the moment we installed it, and | |
111 | +began to use it for development, this validation was constant. We felt confident | |
112 | +in the features"}. | |
112 | 113 | |
113 | 114 | One of the main concerns of traditional approach is meticulous documentation of |
114 | -software and development steps. With this aforementioned practice, we could | |
115 | -meet this government demand without bureaucracies and changes in our | |
116 | -development process, generating \textbf{organically documentation and records | |
117 | -generation} in the platform itself, as one of the MPOG response evidenced: "For | |
118 | -me it was a lot of learning, there is a lot of things documented in the e-mails | |
119 | -and also there in the portal itself of what happened in the project. At any | |
120 | -moment we can go there and see how it worked, how the person did, and manages | |
121 | -to salvage those good points." | |
115 | +the software designed and the development steps. With this aforementioned | |
116 | +decision, we could meet this government demand without bureaucracies and changes | |
117 | +in our development process, \textbf{producting organically documentation and | |
118 | +records} in the platform itself, as one of the MPOG response evidenced: | |
119 | +\textit{"For me, it was a lot of learning. There is a lot of things documented | |
120 | +in the e-mails and also in the portal itself. At any moment we can go there and | |
121 | +see how it worked, how someone did something. We can recover those good points"}. | |
122 | 122 | |
123 | 123 | \subsection{Bringing together government staff and development team} |
124 | 124 | |
... | ... | @@ -126,82 +126,86 @@ The MPOG analysts observed communication noise in the dialogue between them and |
126 | 126 | their superiors and in the dialogues with the development team that were |
127 | 127 | intermediated by the superiors. They said that direct dialogue with the |
128 | 128 | development team and biweekly visits to the university's lab \textbf{reduce |
129 | -communication misunderstood}. "At this point, the communication started to | |
130 | -change.. started to improve." According to one of the interviewees this new | |
131 | -dynamic unified the two sides: "I believe it was very positive, we also liked to | |
129 | +communication misunderstood}. \textit{"At this point, the communication started to | |
130 | +change.. started to improve."} According to another interviewee, this new | |
131 | +dynamic unified the two sides: \textit{"I believe it was very positive, we also liked to | |
132 | 132 | go there, to interact with the team. I think it brought more unity, more |
133 | -integration into the project". The participation of the MPOG staff was also | |
134 | -considered positive by {72.9\%} of the students of them and to {81.1 \%} of them | |
133 | +integration into the project"}. The participation of the MPOG staff was also | |
134 | +considered positive by {72.9\%} of the undegraduates and to {81.1\%} of them | |
135 | 135 | think the presence of MPOG staff in sprint ceremonies was important for the |
136 | -development. In addition, to \textbf{better meet expectations of both sides} | |
137 | -regarding the requirements developed, {75.6 \%} of students believe that writing | |
136 | +development. In addition, to \textbf{better meet expectations of both sides} | |
137 | +regarding the requirements developed, {75.6\%} of students believe that writing | |
138 | 138 | the requirements together with the MPOG staff was very important. According to |
139 | -one of them "Joint planning and timely meetings were very important for | |
140 | -understanding the needs of MPOG". | |
141 | - | |
142 | -One of the consequences of this direct government-academia interaction in | |
143 | -laboratory was empathy, as reported by one of the interviewees "You know people | |
144 | -in person and it makes such a big difference because it causes empathy. You | |
145 | -already know who that person is, it's not just a name". This subjectively helped | |
146 | -to \textbf{align both activities execution pace}. The teams' synchronization was | |
147 | -reinforced with the implementation of a Continuous Delivery pipeline. The | |
148 | -benefits of this approach were presented in our previous work \cite {?} and | |
149 | -corroborate these research results. To 81.1\% of students and 75\% of senior | |
150 | -developers, deploying new versions of the SPB portal in production was a | |
151 | -motivator during the project. | |
139 | +one of them \textit{"Joint planning and timely meetings were very important for | |
140 | +understanding the needs of MPOG"}. | |
141 | + | |
142 | +An imported consequence of this direct government-academia interaction in | |
143 | +laboratory was empathy, as reported by one of the interviewees \textit{"You know | |
144 | +people in person and it makes such a big difference because it causes empathy. | |
145 | +You already know who that person is, it's not just a name"}. This subjectively helped | |
146 | +to \textbf{align both activities execution pace}, \textit{"When we went there, | |
147 | +we knew the people and we realized that, on our side, we also felt more | |
148 | +encouraged to validate faster and give faster feedback to the teams. They did | |
149 | +not stay there waiting. We gave this feedback fast and they also gave quick | |
150 | +feedback for any our questions. That gave project agility, things flowed faster | |
151 | +and better"}. The teams' synchronization was reinforced with the implementation | |
152 | +of a Continuous Delivery pipeline. The benefits of this approach were presented | |
153 | +in our previous work \cite {?} and corroborate these research results. To 81.1\% | |
154 | +of students and 75\% of senior developers, deploying new versions of the SPB | |
155 | +portal in production was a motivator during the project. | |
152 | 156 | |
153 | 157 | One of the MPOG analyst interviewed also noted these releases also helped to |
154 | 158 | \textbf{overcome the government bias regarding low productivity of collaborative |
155 | -projects with academia}: ”At first, the government staff had a bias that | |
159 | +projects with academia}: \textit{"At first, the government staff had a bias that | |
156 | 160 | universities do not deliver. We overcame that bias in the course of the project. |
157 | 161 | We deliver a lot and with quality. Today, I think if we had paid the same amount |
158 | 162 | for a company, it would not have done what was delivered and with the quality |
159 | -that was delivered with the price that was paid.” Additionally, the deployment | |
163 | +that was delivered with the price that was paid."} Additionally, the deployment | |
160 | 164 | in production of each new version also \textbf{improve the translation of the |
161 | -process from one side to the other}, as mentioned by MPOG analyst ”We had an | |
165 | +process from one side to the other}, as mentioned by MPOG analyst \textit{"We had an | |
162 | 166 | overview at the strategic level. When we went down to the technical level, plan |
163 | 167 | the release every four months was difficult. But in the end, I think this has |
164 | 168 | not been a problem. A project you are delivering, the results are going to |
165 | 169 | production, the code is quality, the team is qualified/capable and the project |
166 | -is doing well, it does not impact as much in practice” | |
170 | +is doing well, it does not impact as much in practice"}. | |
167 | 171 | |
168 | 172 | \subsection{Split development team into priority work fronts with IT market |
169 | 173 | specialists} |
170 | 174 | |
171 | -Four teams were defined to dedicated to the main development demands of the | |
175 | +Four teams were formed to dedicated to the main development demands of the | |
172 | 176 | portal: UX, DevOps, Colab and Noosfero. External developers with vast experience |
173 | 177 | in the SPB platform software components and professionals with experience in |
174 | 178 | front-end and UX were hired. These professionals also contributed to |
175 | 179 | disseminate practices adopted in the industry and in the free software |
176 | 180 | communities to other project members. {87.5\%} of seniors agreed with the |
177 | 181 | project development process. For 62.5\% this process has a good similarity to |
178 | -their previous experiences. Their experience helped to \textbf{reconcile development | |
182 | +their previous experiences. Their experience \textbf{helped to reconcile development | |
179 | 183 | processes and decision making}, as stated by one of the respondent developers |
180 | -"I think my main contribution was to have balanced the relations between the | |
181 | -MPOG staff and the UnB team". {62.5\%} of senior developers believe they have | |
184 | +\textit{"I think my main contribution was to have balanced the relations between the | |
185 | +MPOG staff and the UnB team"}. {62.5\%} of senior developers believe they have | |
182 | 186 | collaborated in the relationship between the management and development |
183 | 187 | processes of the two institutions and {62.5\%} asserted that helped MPOG |
184 | 188 | staff to more clearly express their requests. {62.5\%} of them did not |
185 | 189 | understand MPOG's project management process and {50\%} believe their project |
186 | 190 | productivity was affected by MPOG's project management process. For the |
187 | -government, these professionals gave credibility to the development "You had | |
191 | +government, these professionals gave credibility to the development \textit{"You had | |
188 | 192 | the reviewers, who were the original developers of the software, that gave |
189 | -you confidence and confidence in the code." | |
193 | +you confidence and confidence in the code."} | |
190 | 194 | |
191 | 195 | In addition, with these professionals was possible to \textbf{transferred |
192 | 196 | knowledge of industry and free software to government and academia}. Working |
193 | -with senior developers was important for all student-respondents during the | |
197 | +with senior developers was important for all undergraduate-respondents during the | |
194 | 198 | project. {91\%} of them also believe that working with professionals was |
195 | 199 | important for learning. {75\%} of senior developers believe that 'Working in |
196 | 200 | pairs with a senior' and 62.5\% that 'Participate in joint review tasks' were |
197 | 201 | the tasks with the involvement of them that most contributed to the evolution |
198 | 202 | of students in the project. And, in guiding a students, {75\%} believe that |
199 | 203 | this knowledge was widespread among the others in the team. This acquisition |
200 | -of knowledge was also noted by the government, which stated "On the side of | |
204 | +of knowledge was also noted by the government, which stated \textit{"On the side of | |
201 | 205 | UnB, what we perceived was that the project was very big leap when the |
202 | 206 | original software developers were hired in the case of Noosfero and Colab, |
203 | 207 | because they had a guide on how to develop things in the best way and were |
204 | -able to solve non-trivial problems and quickly " | |
208 | +able to solve non-trivial problems and quickly."} | |
205 | 209 | |
206 | 210 | The fronts also gained more autonomy to manage their activities. The role |
207 | 211 | of meta-coach was defined among the students, to coordinate the interactions |
... | ... | @@ -210,21 +214,9 @@ of reference for the development process}. {89.1\%} of students said that the |
210 | 214 | presence of the coach was essential to the running of Sprint, and for {87.5\%} |
211 | 215 | of senior developers coaches was essential for their interaction with the team. |
212 | 216 | MPOG analysts saw coaches as facilitators for their activities and for |
213 | -communication with the development team. One of the interviewees said "I | |
214 | -interacted more with the project coordinator and team coaches.", " The reason | |
217 | +communication with the development team. One of the interviewees said \textit{"I | |
218 | +interacted more with the project coordinator and team coaches"}, \textit{"The reason | |
215 | 219 | for this was that the coaches were more likely to meet the requirements, to |
216 | 220 | ask questions about requirements, to understand some features. interaction with |
217 | 221 | leaders than with senior developers. Sometimes the coaches brought the question |
218 | -to the senior developers. " | |
219 | - | |
220 | - | |
221 | -%%* Filtrar a comunicação por níveis de maturidade/experiência e | |
222 | -%responsabilidades | |
223 | -%%MPOG: "Eu acho que esses pontos de conflito eram muito mais fáceis de lidar | |
224 | -%com a equipe do que com a própria coordenação. [..] Eu acho que tem uma | |
225 | -%diferença também de papel tem uma diferença de postura. Eu acho que a | |
226 | -%relação com a equipe, embora ela fosse saudável, eu acho que a equipe não | |
227 | -%tinha tanta autonomia quanto à coordenação tinha. Então talvez fosse mais | |
228 | -%difícil com a coordenação e não com a equipe, porque a equipe ela sabia o | |
229 | -%limite dela e a partir dali ela não agia mais, ela já convocava a | |
230 | -%coordenação para lidar (a gerência)." | |
222 | +to the senior developers"}. | ... | ... |