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Commit a39bd2efd2719b9124bf948c388c5d899796c878

Authored by Paulo Meireles
1 parent e95ded12
Exists in master and in 3 other branches oss_2018, oss_2018_siqueira, rework_case_study

[OpenSym] Section 2 == Background

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opensym2017/content/02-spb.tex
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1   -\section{Free/Open Source Software and Brazilian Public Software}
  1 +\section{Background}
2 2 \label{sec:spb}
3 3  
4 4 FOSS is a phenomenon that has gained notoriety in recent years and has been
... ... @@ -6,27 +6,27 @@ attarcting the interest of academia. However, since the beginning of computing
6 6 the majority of developers worked in the way that we now identify as free
7 7 software, that is, sharing code openly. This feature makes the code available
8 8 for inspection, modification, and use by any person or organization
9   -\cite{kon2012}, \cite{hippel2003}.
  9 +\cite{hippel2003,kon2012}.
10 10  
11 11 The elements that distinguish FOSS from other types of software are the
12 12 reasoning about the development process, the economic context, the relationship
13 13 between developers and users, as well as the ethical and legal characteristics
14 14 that relate to the software. In the context of FOSS, user freedom is promoted
15   -and its development is based on open collaboration and development practices.
16   -%TODO: Colocar referências sem ser nós mesmo e sem ser em PT-Br
  15 +and its development is based on open collaboration and development practices
  16 +\cite{meirelles2013}.
17 17  
18 18 From the economic point of view, unlike what happens with proprietary software,
19 19 FOSS promotes the establishment of several suppliers that compete with each
20 20 other based on the same software. This stronger competition among suppliers
21 21 brings benefits to users because it gives better assurances regarding the
22   -evolution of the system and induces a reduction in prices. These freedoms and
23   -assurances on software are guaranteed in Brazil by Law 9610/98 (copyright law).
24   -Most of the time, this protection from the law complies with the terms
25   -conferred by a contract related to certain software. This contract is called
26   -``license''. A software license determines a list of rights that are
  22 +evolution of the system and induces a reduction in prices \cite{kon2012}. These
  23 +freedoms and assurances on software are guaranteed in Brazil by Law 9610/98
  24 +(copyright law). Most of the time, this protection from the law complies with
  25 +the terms conferred by a contract related to certain software. This contract is
  26 +called ``license''. A software license determines a list of rights that are
27 27 given to, and duties that are imposed on a user of the software. In particular,
28 28 what differentiates FOSS from proprietary software is just the way they are
29   -licensed\cite{sabino2009}. The FOSS licenses guarantee the right to execute,
  29 +licensed \cite{sabino2009}. The FOSS licenses guarantee the right to execute,
30 30 study, adapt, and improve the software. Example of common FOSS licenses are
31 31 the \textit{GPL (GNU General Public License)}, the Apache license, the MIT
32 32 license, and the BSD license.
... ... @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ communities. This includes e-mail lists, discussion forums, issue trackers,
41 41 version control systems, and social networking environments.
42 42  
43 43 Initially, the purpose of the portal was only to share the software developed
44   -in the Brazilian government, to reduce the costs of hiring software. However
  44 +in the Brazilian government, to reduce the costs of hiring software. However,
45 45 it was observed that when softwares were released, their communities were
46 46 formed around those software with several people collaborating and sharing the
47 47 results obtained through the use of those solutions. In this way, some software
... ... @@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ development cooperatives and private companies have shown an interest in making
49 49 their software available on the SPB platform.
50 50  
51 51 The concept of Brazilian Public Software goes beyond FOSS. In addition to being
52   -licensed under a FOSS license, a Brazilian Public Software needs to have
53   -explicit guarantees that it is a public good, and that project must be
54   -available in the SPB. Being a true public good assumes requirements that can
55   -not be met solely by means of FOSS licensing. For example, there must be a
56   -relaxed trademark usage policy by the original vendor that do not stop eventual
57   -competitors from adversiting services for that same software. Inclusion in the
58   -SPB also has extra requirements, such as having a public version control
59   -system, installation manual, hardware requirements specification, etc.
  52 +licensed under a FOSS license, a SPB needs to have explicit guarantees that it
  53 +is a public good, and that project must be available in the SPB portal. Being a
  54 +true public good assumes requirements that can not be met solely by means of
  55 +FOSS licensing. For example, there must be a relaxed trademark usage policy by
  56 +the original vendor that do not stop eventual competitors from adversiting
  57 +services for that same software. Inclusion in the SPB project also has extra
  58 +requirements, such as having a public version control system, installation
  59 +manual, and hardware requirements specification.
60 60  
... ...